Pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR self-diffusion has been proved as an excellent method to extract structural information from different solutions. Therefore, this technique has been a versatile tool among physical chemists in studies of surfactant self-assembly for some decades. Besides that the method is non-destructive, some of the benefits are that external disturbance of the analysed system is cancelled and the possibilities of studying several molecular species simultaneously. Moreover, in contrast to �common� solution NMR, deuterated solvents are not necessary to perform the studies. NMR self-diffusion measurements can also be applied in the field of polymers to extract molecular mass distributions and polydispersity data. The focus of this talk is to introduce and discuss the possibilities and limitations of the PFG NMR self-diffusion technique as an analytical tool in the pulp and paper area.