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The impact of ABO and Rh(D) blood group on Covid-19 immune response
Sundsvall Cty Hosp, Res & Dev, Sundsvall, Sweden..
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Natural Science, Design, and Sustainable Development (2023-). Sundsvall Cty Hosp, Clin Chem & Transfus Med, Sundsvall, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6578-9044
2025 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, ISSN 0036-5513, E-ISSN 1502-7686, Vol. 85, no 5, p. 321-326Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Previous studies indicate that blood type O has a protective effect against Covid-19 disease. In the present study, we aimed to further explore and clarify the connection between ABO blood groups and the Covid-19 disease by examining the levels of Covid antibodies in patients with different ABO blood types. During the first pandemic year, and before the vaccine was available, SARS-CoV-2 antibody level were randomly analyzed at the regional hospital laboratory and the data was stored in the laboratory information system (LIS) Flexlab/Chemistry. The investigated cohort was created by cross-referencing the SARS-CoV-2 antibody results with the ABO Rh(D) blood group status available in the LIS Prosang. The association between antibody level and blood group was further analyzed within this cohort. There was a significantly higher odds of Covid positivity among individuals in the cohort with blood type A or AB compared to blood type O. There was no significant difference in odds of Covid positivity among between phenotypes B compared to blood type O. The quantitative levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were similar in individuals with a positive Covid-19 test regardless of ABO and Rh(D) phenotype. The present cohort study supports the hypothesis that the presence of anti-A antibodies in serum should be considered as a factor more significant than the blood group itself. However, the study showed a similar immune response in individuals with a positive Covid-19 test regardless ABO phenotype.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa UK Limited , 2025. Vol. 85, no 5, p. 321-326
Keywords [en]
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, blood group, immunoassay, antibodies
National Category
Infectious Medicine
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-54838DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2025.2522673ISI: 001512216000001PubMedID: 40539897Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105008477127OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-54838DiVA, id: diva2:1977819
Available from: 2025-06-26 Created: 2025-06-26 Last updated: 2025-09-25Bibliographically approved

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Henriksson, Anders E.

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