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Improve the competitive advantages of pulp fiber-based products over fossil-based materials
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Chemical Engineering. FSCN, Mittuniversitetet, Sweden.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Chemical Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1881-6473
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Electronics Design.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Electronics Design.
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2021 (English)In: Accelerating the progress towards the 2030 SDGs in times of crisis / [ed] Catrin Johansson, Volker Mauerhofer, Östersund: Mid Sweden University , 2021, p. 2133-2145Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Sustainable development
Hållbar utveckling
Abstract [en]

To improve the competitive advantages of pulp fibre based materials such as tissue and packaging products over the fossil-based products, it is of key importance to improve the knowledge of the selectivity of the cooking process. There is also demand to expand the fundamental scientific understanding of pulp and paper manufacturing systems because of growing demand for replacing plastics. However, it is challenged to improve the selectivity of the cooking process by optimizing unit operation such as impregnation, cooking and refining. For pulp production based on chips regardless of chemical (kraft or sulphite) or high-yield (chemimechanical or semi-chemical pulp) pulping process, the efficiency of the impregnation is always crucial. To improve impregnation uniformity, we need to study how even distribution of lignin releases down to fibre level via easily impregnated wood chips. It can be achieved, using classic measures such as; equalized hydroxide ion concentration, increased initial sulphide ion concentration, low sodium ion concentration and low boiling temperature combined with the oxidative and reductive environment to understand how the chemicals quickly enter and distribute in the chips. However, we have studied the uniformity of impregnation at fibre level by the possibility of accurately measuring S and Na content by collimating the X-ray beam into a ~200 µm spot in diameter using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometry. In addition, we have also studied improved impregnation by selective cooking systems for sulphate pulp in oxidative (polysulfide) and reductive (sodium borohydride, NaBH4) environments. Our aim is to develop standard measurement methods to improve the smoothness of fibre properties for tissue and packaging products to reach the sustainable development goal (SDG) stated by the UN at target 9.5 “Enhance research and upgrade industrial technologies”.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Östersund: Mid Sweden University , 2021. p. 2133-2145
Keywords [en]
CTMP, ED-XRF, Hemicellulose, Impregnation, polysulfide
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-43614ISBN: 978-91-89341-17-3 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-43614DiVA, id: diva2:1608988
Conference
27th International Sustainable Development Research Society Conference, Östersund, Sweden, July 13 – 15, 2021.
Available from: 2021-11-05 Created: 2021-11-05 Last updated: 2025-09-25Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Aspects of optimizing pulp fibre properties for tissue and packaging materials
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Aspects of optimizing pulp fibre properties for tissue and packaging materials
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

To improve the competitive advantages of pulp fibre-based materials for tissue and packaging over fossil-based products, it is essential to increase knowledge of the selectivity of the cooking and the chemimechanical processes by optimizing the unit operations of impregnation, cooking and refining. A general goal in pulping processes is to achieve as efficient and even fibre separation as possible. A key to achieving this is to improve impregnation uniformity. In the case of chemical pulping, we need to study how a more even distribution of lignin at the fibre level via easily impregnated wood chips can be achieved using classic measures such as equalized hydroxide ion concentration, increased initial sulphide ion concentration, low sodium ion concentration and a low cooking temperature combined with an oxidative and reductive environment. In the case of chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) manufacturing, we need to achieve as even a degree of sulphonation as possible at the level of the individual fibres by means of improved sulphite ion distribution within the wood chips before they are pre-heated prior to entering the refiner. 

Firstly, we have studied selective cooking systems for sulphate pulp manufacturing in oxidative (polysulfide) and reductive (sodium borohydride) environments. The yield increased from 48% to a maximum of 53%, which resulted in faster dewatering when mimicking a tissue papermaking process. This could explain how the advantage of the increased yield (fewer fibres and a more open sheet structure) outweighs the negative effects of the higher hemicellulose content on the dewatering properties. Moreover, the increased proportion of hemicellulose in the fibre walls resulted in improved bonding and increased tensile index at a certain refining energy. 

Secondly, we have studied the uniformity of impregnation at the fibre level by developing an accurate way of measuring sulphur and sodium content in measuring points that are 5-10 µm in diameter with miniaturized X-ray-based technology. This technology is considered cheap and efficient enough to be introduced in industrial labs and/or in online equipment. Our newly built miniaturized energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) demonstrates the capability of imaging sulphur and possibly sodium distribution in wood chip fibres or individual fibres on a micro scale. 

In parallel, to the above research we have studied a new catalytic lignin-selective cooking method where a substantial portion of the dissolved lignin can be extracted as vanillin, creating significant value and opportunities for new cost-efficient wood biorefinery systems. 

Abstract [sv]

För att förbättra konkurrensfördelarna med massafiberbaserade material såsom mjukpapper och förpackningsmaterial, jämfört med fossilbaserade produkter, är det viktigt att förbättra kunskapen om massatillverknings-processers selektivitet genom att optimera enhetsprocesserna; impregnering, kokning och raffinering. Det övergripande målet för alla massatillverknings-processer är att erhålla så effektiv och jämn fiberseparation som möjligt. För att erhålla jämnare distribution av impregnering måste vi studera hur frisättning av lignin på fibernivå via lättimpregnerade träflis kan uppnås med klassiska åtgärder som; utjämnad hydroxidjonkoncentration, ökad initial sulfidjonkoncentration, låg natriumjonkoncentration och låg koktemperatur kombinerat med oxidativ och reduktiv miljö. Vid tillverkning av kemi­mekanisk massa (CTMP) behöver vi erhålla så jämn sulfoneringsgrad som möjligt ner till fibernivå. Här behöver vi förbättra fördelningen av sulfitjonerna i vedflisen innan förvärmningen före raffinören. 

Vi studerade först selektiva kokningssystem för tillverkning av sulfatmassa i oxidativ miljö, polysulfid, respektive i reduktiv miljö, natriumborhydrid. Utbytet ökade från 48% till i bästa fall 53%, vilket resulterade i snabbare avvattning vid betingelser som simulerar tillverkning av hygienprodukter. Vi kunde förklara det ökade utbytet med att den positiva inverkan av färre fibrer vid viss ytvikt och öppnare arkstruktur dominerar över den negativa inverkan av högre halt vattenabsorberande hemicellulosa på avvattnings­egenskaperna. Den högre halten hemicellulosa i fiberväggarna bidrog till förbättrade bindningsegenskaper och ökat dragindex vid en specifik raffineringsenergi. Därefter studerade vi sätt att utvärdera homogenitet i  impregnering på fibernivå genom att ta fram en metodik som kan mäta svavel- och natriuminnehåll i mätpunkter som är 5-10 µm i diameter. Mikroskopi baserad på röntgenfluorescens bedöms vara lämplig för detta ändamål samt tillräckligt billig och effektiv att framöver kunna användas i industrilaboratorier och/eller i online-utrustning. 

Parallellt har också forskning utförts rörande en ny katalytisk lignin-selektiv kokningsmetod där en signifikant andel av ligninet kan lösas ut som värdefullt vanillin. Detta skapar framtida möjligheter att ta fram en kostnadseffektiv bioraffinaderimetodik där högt värde skapas både i form av väl separerade fibrer och i form av värdefulla naturliga kemikalier.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2021. p. 76
Series
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 348
National Category
Chemical Engineering Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42090 (URN)978-91-89341-15-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-06-14, C312 och online via Zoom, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 3 inskickat, delarbete 4 & 5 manuskript.

At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 3 submitted, paper 4 & 5 in manuscript.

Available from: 2021-05-24 Created: 2021-05-24 Last updated: 2025-09-25Bibliographically approved

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Rahman, HafizurEngstrand, PerAn, SiwenNorlin, BörjePersson, ErikZeeshan, Faisal

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