Mid Sweden University

This paper addressesradiatedEMI issues in Coreless PCB step-down transformers used for power transfer applications. In case of SMPS circuits, since the waveforms are not sinusoidal in nature, most of theradiatedemissionsare not only from fundamental frequency component but also from harmonic contents. According to antenna theory,radiatedEMI for three different power transformers of different radii were estimated for fundamental frequency of 2MHz to 300MHz. The computations were made for both sinusoidal and square wave excitations and at a load power of 20W. The calculatedradiatedpower obtained for simulated waveforms and for practical measured current waveforms are in good agreement with each other up to certain bandwidth. These computational results confirm thatradiatedpower can be reduced in three layered 2:1 transformer compared to two layered 2:1 transformer. Also theradiatedemissionsare negligible in case of sinusoidal excitations compared to square wave excitations. © 2011 IEEE.

In this paper, multilayered coreless printed circuit board (PCB) step-down power transformers for DC-DC converter applications have been designed, manufactured and evaluated. A set of two different circular spiral step-down transformers were fabricated in the four layered PCB. These transformers have been modelled with the assistance of high frequency equivalent circuit and characterized with both sinusoidal and square wave excitation. This paper provides the comparative results of these two different transformers in te rms of their resistances, self, leakage, mutual inductances, coupling coefficient and also their energy efficiencies. The operating regions for optimal performance of these transformers for power transfer applications are determined. These transformers were tested for the output power levels of about 30 Watts within the input voltage range of 12-50 Vrms. The energy efficiency for these step down transformers is observed to be in the range of 90%-97% in MHz frequency region.

In this paper the comparative results of two layered and three layered coreless Printed Circuit Board (PCB) step down 2:1 power transformers operating in MHz frequency were addressed. The  two different step down transformers approximately having same self inductances, one in two layer and the other in three layer were designed and evaluated for the given power transfer application. The performance characteristics of these transformers under similar conditions were measured and the comparative parameters of these transformers in terms of their resistances, self, leakage, mutual inductances, and coupling coefficient are analyzed. For the given output power, the measured energy efficiency of the three layered transformer is improved by 3% and the area is reduced by 32% compared to two layered transformer. The efficiency of the three layered transformer is 94.5% approximately for an output power level of 25W at an operating frequency of 2.5MHz

The experimental and theoretical results of a ZVS (Zero Voltage Switching) isolated flyback DC-DC converter using multilayered coreless PCB step down 2:1 transformer are presented.The performance characteristics of the transformer are shown which are useful for the parameters extraction. The measured energy efficiency of the transformer is found to be more than 94% with the sinusoidal input voltage xcitation. The designed flyback converter has been tested successfully upto the output power level of 10W,with a switching frequency in the range of 2.7MHz-4.3MHz. The input voltage of the converter is varied from 25V-40V DC.Frequency modulation technique is employed by maintaining constant off time to regulate the output voltage of the converter. The energy efficiency of the isolated flyback Converter circuit under ZVS condition in the MHz frequency region is found to be approximately in the range of 72-84%. This paper gives the comparative results in terms of the energy efficiency of the hard switched and soft switched flyback Converter in the MHz frequency region.