Laws concerning compulsory care for alcoholics and drug addicts exist in the great majority of countries, although with great variations in lengths, legal systems, and ambitions. In many countries, compulsory care is the last resort when society doesn't accept to let go of the most severe cases. They suffer often from somatic and mental comorbidity and poor quality of life. At the same time they are also least motivated to accept voluntary help. Professional helpers may feel hopeless about them. There is now a growing body of research concerning evidence-based models for psychosocial rehabilitation of alcoholics and drug addicts. But, what about compulsory care? What do we know from Swedish and international experiences? This presentation concern (1) the international use of compulsory commitment, (2) factors in severe cases that affect motivation to treatment, (3) evidence-based models for psychosocial rehabilitation, and (4) synthesis of research on some factors in compulsory care.