Mid Sweden University

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  • 1.
    Ainegren, Mats
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Carlsson, Peter
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Tinnsten, Mats
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Rolling resistance for treadmill roller skiing: Presented at International Congress on Science and Nordic Skiing 2006, June 18-20, 2006, Vuokatti, Finland2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 2. Allain, J. P.
    et al.
    Dong, Y.
    Vandamme, A. M.
    Moulton, Vincent
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Salemi, M.
    Evolutionary rate and genetic drift of hepatitis C virus are not correlated with the host immune response: Studies of infected donor-recipient clusters2000In: Journal of Virology, ISSN 0022-538X, E-ISSN 1098-5514, Vol. 74, no 6, p. 2541-2549Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Six donor-recipient clusters of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected individuals were studied. For five clusters the period of infection of the donor could be estimated, and for all six clusters the time of infection of the recipients from the donor via blood transfusion was also precisely known. Detailed phylogenetic analyses were carried out to investigate the genomic evolution of the viral quasispecies within infected individuals in each cluster. The molecular clock analysis showed that HCV quasispecies within a patient are evolving at the same rate and that donors that have been infected for longer time tend to have a lower evolutionary rate. Phylogenetic analysis based on the split decomposition method revealed different evolutionary patterns in different donor-recipient clusters. Reactivity of antibody against the first hypervariable region (HVR1) of HCV in donor and recipient sera was evaluated and correlated to the calculated evolutionary rate. Results indicate that anti-HVR1 reactivity was related more to the overall level of humoral immune response of the host than to the HVR1 sequence itself, suggesting that the particular sequence of the HVR1 peptides is not the determinant of reactivity. Moreover, no correlation was found between the evolutionary rate or the heterogeneity of the viral quasispecies in the patients and the strength of the immune response to HVR1 epitopes, Rather, the results seem to imply that genetic drift is less dependent on immune pressure than on the rate of evolution and that the genetic drift of HCV is independent of the host immune pressure.

  • 3. Andersson, Johan
    et al.
    Schagatay, Erika
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Arterial oxygen desaturation during apnea in humans.1998In: Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine, ISSN 1066-2936, Vol. 25, no 1, p. 21-25Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We studied the effect of the human diving response, defined as bradycardia and reduced peripheral blood flow, on arterial hemoglobin desaturation. We induced a diving response of different magnitudes by using apnea in air and apnea with face immersion. Each of21 subjects performed five apneas in air and five apneas with face immersion in 10°C water. Periods of apnea in both conditions were of the same duration in any individual subject (average: 126.4 s) and the order of air and water was equally distributed among subjects. Heart rate, skin capillary blood flow, arterial blood pressure, arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation during apneas, and end-tidal fractions of CO2 after apneas were recorded with non-invasive methods. The bradycardia and capillary blood flow reduction during apnea in air (7.8 and 37.7% change from control, respectively) were significantly potentiated by face immersion (13.6 and 55.9%, respectively). Arterial hemoglobin desaturated more during apnea in air (2.7%) compared to during apnea with face immersion (1.4%). We conclude that the potentiation of the human diving response with face immersion in cold water leads to a smaller decrease in arterial hemoglobin saturation, which may reflect an oxygen-conserving effect

  • 4. Andersson, L
    et al.
    Vikman, Per-Åke
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Kompostering av använt katt skogsströ1998Report (Other academic)
  • 5. Andersson, M
    et al.
    Boo, Jörgen
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Ortega-Cerda, J
    Canonical Homotopy Operators for the d-bar complex in strictly pseudoconvex domains1998In: Bulletin de la Societe Mathematique de France, ISSN 0037-9484, Vol. 126, no 2, p. 245-271Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 6. Andersson, Mats
    et al.
    Boo, Jörgen
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Approximate formulas for canonical homotopy operators for the d-bar complex in strictly pseudoconvex domains2000In: Mathematica Scandinavica, ISSN 0025-5521, Vol. 87, no 2, p. 251-271Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 7. Andres, R. J
    et al.
    Marland, Gregg
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Fossil-fuel-derived carbon dioxide emissions for China at monthly resolution (abs)2005In: Proceedings. Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, December, 2005, 2005Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 8. Anttila, Sten
    et al.
    Vikman, Per-ÅkeMid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Forskning och förvaltning för hållbar utveckling i landets fjällområden: rapport från 1998 års Fjällforskningskonferens1998Conference proceedings (editor) (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Rapport från 1998 års fjällforskningskonferens

  • 9. Axblom, Caroline
    et al.
    Grönlund, Erik
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Falk, Stefan
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Astaxanthin from microalgae: effects of temperature and nutrient stress on production in the green alga Haematococcus lacustris1999In: 4th international Ecological Engineering conference: Manging the Wastewater Resource, June 7-11, Aas, Norway, 1999Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 10.
    Backlund, Hans-Olof
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Natural Sciences.
    Höglund, Hans
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Natural Sciences.
    Gradin, Per
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Study of tangential forces and temperature profiles in commercial refiners2003In: 2003 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, 2003, p. 379-388Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 11. Bandelt, H J
    et al.
    Huber, Katharina T
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Moulton, Vincent
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Quasi-median graphs from sets of partitions2002In: Discrete Applied Mathematics, ISSN 0166-218X, E-ISSN 1872-6771, Vol. 122, no 1-3, p. 23-35Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In studies of molecular evolution, one is typically confronted with the task of inferring a phylogenetic tree from a set X of sequences of length n over a finite alphabet Λ. For studies that invoke parsimony, it has been found helpful to consider the quasi-median graph generated by X in the Hamming graph Λn. Although a great deal is already known about quasi-median graphs (and their algebraic counterparts), little is known about the quasi-median generation in Λn starting from a set X of vertices. We describe the vertices of the quasi-median graph generated by X in terms of the coordinatewise partitions of X. In particular, we clarify when the generated quasi-median graph is the so-called relation graph associated with X. This immediately characterizes the instances where either a block graph or the total Hamming graph is generated. 

  • 12.
    Barthelson, Mats
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Mårtenson, Ture
    Van den Brink, Paul
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Åhlander, G
    Vikman, Per-Åke
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Näringslivsinsatser i glesbygd: utvärdering av fem ekokommunprojekt1995Report (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Barthelson, Mats
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Mårtenson, Ture
    Van den Brink, Paul
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Åhlander, G
    Vikman, Per-Åke
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Svenska ekokommuner: utvärdering av fjorton ekokommunprojekt1995Report (Other academic)
  • 14. Batchelor, W. J.
    et al.
    Westerlind, Bo.S.
    Hägglund, R.
    Gradin, Per A.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Effect of test conditions on measured loads and displacements in zero and short span testing2003Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Single fibre mechanical properties play a critical role in determining sheet mechanical properties, but these mechanical properties are rarely measured due to the time-consuming nature of the tests. The zero span strength is commonly used as a measure for the strength of the fibres, but the results also can depend on the test conditions. Modelling has shown that the load displacement curves are influenced by the thickness to span ratio, as there is an in-homogenous stress-field in the thickness direction of the sample. This paper will present data on the effect of grammage and clamping pressure on the loads and displacements in zero/short span tests. Clamps were designed and made for a displacement controlled load frame made by Material Testing System (MTS). These clamps can test up to ten plies of papers with a span length from 0 to 3 mm. For the sake of comparison, tests were made using a commercial zero/short span tester, which is load controlled but is limited in span length and thickness of the tested material. Both machines were found to give comparable results. Isotropic 65 gsm handsheets, 36 gsm aluminium foil and 42 gsm greaseproof paper (MD and CD) were tested as functions of clamping pressure and grammage. An intrinsic zero-span strength was defined as the y-axis intercept of plot. A recently published procedure for determining the short span stress-strain curve from zero and short span testing was evaluated for the effect of grammage, clamping pressure and span on the calculated result. It was concluded that the method only gives results that are independent of the test conditions when the conditions are carefully selected.

  • 15.
    Bellgran, Monica
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Design Wisdom of Production System Designers2003In: Proceedings of the 5th European Academy of Design Conference, Barcelona 28- 30 April 2003, 2003, p. 1-11Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 16.
    Bellgran, Monica
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Key Factors for a Preventive Disturbance Approach During Design of Production Systems: Abstract submitted for the ICPR 18th International Conference2005Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Bellgran, Monica
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Aresu, E
    Handling Disturbances in Small Volume Production2003In: Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, ISSN 0736-5845, Vol. 19, no 1-2, p. 123-134Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 18.
    Bellgran, Monica
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Säfsten, Kristina
    Production System Design and Evaluation for Increased System Robustness: Second World Conference on Production and Operations Management, POM and 15th Annual POM Conference in Cancun, Mexico, April 30 - May 3, 20042004Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 19.
    Bellgran, Monica
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Säfsten, Kristina
    Produktionsutveckling - utveckling och drift av produktionssystem2005Book (Other academic)
  • 20.
    Berg, Jan-Erik
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Natural Sciences.
    Gradin, Per A.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    A Micromechanical Model of the Deterioration of a Wood Fibre1999In: Journal of Pulp and Paper Science, ISSN 0826-6220, Vol. 25, no 2, p. 66-71Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A simple analytical model is presented in this paper for the prediction of the stiffness degradation and the damage state in a wood fibre, loaded in uniaxial tension or shear. The model is based on an assumed displacement field together with the minimum total potential energy theorem. For the damage development, an energy criterion is employed. The model is applied to a specific example and the relevant stiffness coefficients are calculated as a function of the damage state. The damage development as a function of the applied loads is also given. The results from a specific example considered indicate that a tensile load affects the stiffness degradation to a larger extent than does a shear load.

  • 21.
    Berg, Jan-Erik
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Natural Sciences.
    Gradin, Per A.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Effect of Temperature on Fracture of Spruce in Compression, Investigated by Use of Acoustic Emission Monitoring2000In: Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS), ISSN 0826-6220, Vol. 26, no 8, p. 294-299Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Acoustic Emission (AE) monitoring during compression of wood has been used to investigate the fracture history with specific emphasis on its dependence on temperature, moisture content, strain and loading direction. The wood was compressed in both the lateral and longitudinal directions in order to select preferred modes of deformation to achieve desired irreversible changes in the wood structure. The elastic modulus, the compressive strength and the cumulated number of AE events decreased with increasing temperature. It was concluded that the most efficient loading direction is longitudinal in order to introduce flaws in wood under compression and that a longitudinal compression of 24%, corresponding to a specific energy input of 3 kWh/ton, is needed in order to achieve substantial changes in the wood structure. The compression should be carried out at temperatures well below 120°C in order to introduce many failure sites.

  • 22. Bergstedt, Jonas
    et al.
    van den Brink, Paul
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Vikman, Per-Åke
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Vegetationsförändringar på fjällen i västra Härjedalen: en kunskapsöversikt1999Report (Other academic)
  • 23. Bergstedt, Jonas
    et al.
    Vikman, Per-Åke
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Satellitbildsbaserad sårbarhetsanalys av mark och vegetation i västra Härjedalen2000Report (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Bergström, David
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    The absorptance of metal surfaces to Nd:YAG/Nd:YLF laser light2008In: 3rd Pacific International Conference on Applications of Lasers and Optics, PICALO 2008 - Conference Proceedings, 2008, p. 375-380Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The absorptance of the metal surfaces used in Laser Material Processing depends strongly upon the particular surface conditions, including the degree of roughness and oxidation. In this paper the influence of surface topography on Nd:YAG/Nd:YLF laser absorptance has been studied using 3D ray-tracing simulations. The results have increased the understanding of how surface roughness influences the laser-workpiece coupling efficiency.

  • 25.
    Bergström, David
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    The reflectance of steels and non-ferrous alloys: 2nd Pacific International Conference on Application of Lasers and Optics 20062006In: PICALO 2006 - 2nd Pacific International Conference on Applications of Laser and Optics - Conference Proceedings, 2006, p. 140-145Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The measurement of reflectance is important for the analysis and modelling of laser-material interactions. Unfortunately, most of the reflectance data presently available consider only polished pure metals rather than the commercially available (unpolished, oxidised) alloys which are actually being processed. This paper presents the results of reflectance measurements carried out on as-received engineering grade metals including: hot and cold rolled mild steel, zinc coated mild steel, stainless steel, aluminium alloys, copper and brass. The measurements were made using an integrating sphere with an Nd:YLF laser at two wavelengths (1053 nm and 527 nm). The results obtained differ considerably from existing data for polished, pure metals and should help to improve the accuracy of laser-material interaction models.

  • 26.
    Bergström, David
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Kaplan, AFH
    Powell, J
    Light scattering and absorption in Gaussian random rough metal surfaces using the geometric optics approximation2007In: 20th Meeting on Mathematical Modelling of Material Processing with Lasers, 2007Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 27.
    Bergström, David
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Kaplan, Alexander
    Mathematical Modelling of Laser Absorption Mechanisms in Metals: A Review2003In: M4PL16 - 16th Meeting on Mathematical Modelling of Materials Processing with Lasers, 2003Conference paper (Other scientific)
    Abstract [en]

    In Laser Material Processing, an understanding of the fundamental absorption mechanisms plays a vital role in determining the optimum processing parameters and conditions. To this end, a combination of experimental as well as of theoretical work is required. In this paper, results of some of the most important mathematical models of laser-metal interactions are reviewed, including models for absorptivity dependence on wavelength, polarization, angle of incidence, workpiece temperature, surface roughness, defects, impurities and oxides.

  • 28.
    Bergström, David
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Kaplan, Alexander
    Powell, J
    Laser absorption measurements in opaque solids2005In: 10th NOLAMP Conference : the 10th Nordic Laser Materials Processing Conference, 17-19 August 2005, Luleå Sweden, Luleå: Luleå University of Technology , 2005, p. 444-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In LaserMaterial Processing, an understanding of the fundamental absorption mechanisms plays a vital role in determining the optimum processing parameters and conditions. The absorptance, which characterizes how much a material absorbs, can alter during a processing application, as a result of melting, boiling, structural changes of the surface, oxidation, plasma formation, etc. To gain knowledge of these complex processes, a combination of experimental as well as of theoretical work is required. In this paper, an overview of the most common experimental methods and techniques to measure laser absorption in opaque solids, such as metals, will be presented.

  • 29.
    Bergström, David
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Powell, J
    Laser Expertise Ltd., Nottingham, NG7 2TR, United Kingdom.
    Kaplan, A
    Div. of Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, S-971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
    Nd:YAG laser absorptance by rough metal surfaces2007In: 26th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics, ICALEO 2007 - Congress Proceedings, 2007Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Nd:YLF/Nd:YAG laser absorptance of rough metal surfaces has been investigated using 3D ray tracing simulations on computer-generated Gaussian random rough metal surfaces. The impact of multiple scattering, shadowing and Fresnel-equation based angle dependence on the overall absorption is discussed.

  • 30.
    Bergström, David
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Powell, J.
    Kaplan, A. F. H.
    A ray-tracing analysis of the absorption of light by smooth and rough metal surfaces2007In: Journal of Applied Physics, ISSN 0021-8979, E-ISSN 1089-7550, Vol. 101, no 11, article id 113504Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Ray tracing has been employed to investigate the absorption of light by smooth and random rough metal surfaces. For normally incident light the absorptance of the surface increases with surface roughness. However, for light incident at a tangent to the surface the absorptance-surface roughness relationship is more complex. For example, in certain cases the absorptance can rise, fall, and rise again as the surface roughness increases. In this paper this complex absorptance-roughness relationship is defined and explained. The wavelengths of the light chosen for this study correspond to the primary and secondary output wavelengths of Nd:YAG lasers.

  • 31.
    Bergström, David
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Powell, John
    Laser Expertise Ltd., Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Kaplan, Alexander
    Luleå University of Technology.
    Absorptance of Non-Ferrous Alloys to Nd:YLF and Nd:YAG Laser Light at Room Temperature2007In: Applied Optics, ISSN 1559-128X, E-ISSN 2155-3165, Vol. 46, no 8, p. 1290-1301Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The measurement of absorptance is important for the analysis and modelling of laser-material interactions. Unfortunately, most of the absorptance data presently available considers only polished pure metals rather than the commercially available (unpolished, oxidised) alloys which are actually being processed in manufacturing. This paper presents the results of absorptance measurements carried out at room temperature on as-received engineering grade non-ferrous metals (Al, Cu and Zn alloys). The measurements were made using an integrating sphere with an Nd:YLF laser at two wavelengths (1053nm and 527nm � which means that the results are also valid for Nd:YAG radiation at 1064nm and 532nm). The absorptance results obtained differ considerably from existing data for polished, pure metals and should help improve the accuracy of laser-material interaction models. Some clear trends were identified. For all 22 cases studied the absorptance was higher than for ideal pure, polished metals. For all Al- and Cu-samples the absorptance was higher for the green than it was for the infrared wavelength, while for all Zn-coatings this trend was reversed. No clear correlation between absorptance and surface roughness was found at low roughness values (Sa 0.15 � 0.60) but one, rougher set of samples (Sa 2.34), indicated a roughness-absorptance correlation at higher roughness levels.

  • 32.
    Bergström, David
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Powell, John
    Laser Expertise Ltd., Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Kaplan, Alexander
    Luleå University of Technology.
    The absorptance of steels to Nd:YLF and Nd:YAG laser light at room temperature2007In: Applied Surface Science, ISSN 0169-4332, E-ISSN 1873-5584, Vol. 253, no 11, p. 5017-5028Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The measurement of absorptance is important for the analysis and modelling of laser-material interactions. Unfortunately, most of the absorptance data presently available considers only polished pure metals rather than the commercially available (unpolished, oxidised) alloys, which are actually being processed in manufacturing. This paper presents the results of absorptance measurements carried out at room temperature on as-received engineering grade steels including hot and cold rolled mild steel and stainless steels of various types. The measurements were made using an integrating sphere with an Nd:YLF laser at two wavelengths (1053 and 527 nm, which means that the results are also valid for Nd:YAG radiation at 1064 and 532 nm). The absorptance results obtained differ considerably from existing data for polished, pure metals and should help improve the accuracy of laser-material interaction models. Some clear trends were identified; for all materials studied, the absorptance was considerably higher than the previously published values for the relevant pure metals with polished surfaces. For all 15 samples the absorptance was higher for the green than for the infrared wavelength. No clear trend correlating the absorptance with the roughness was found for mild steel in the roughness range Sa 0.4-5.6 μm. A correlation between absorptance and roughness was noted for stainless steel for Sa values above 1.5 μm.

  • 33. Berquist, B
    et al.
    Wiklund, Håkan
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Sandvik Wiklund, Pia
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Strengthening the Student´s Role in the Work with Quality Improvement and Innovation in Higher Education2002In: Proceedings of the 6th International Research Conference on Quality, Innovation and Knowledge Management, 2002Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 34.
    Björkqvist, Olof
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Perspectives on Demand Side Management1996Book (Other scientific)
    Abstract [en]

    This work treats recommendations based on energy systems engineering. The focus is on what can be learned by different methods about the roles that demand-side energy efficiency should play in the energy system. In the first part of the thesis, two case studies of local energy planning demonstrate the role of demand-side energy efficiency: energy systems engineering suggests a design in which energy efficiency improvements are aligned with the whole technical energy system. One result of the case studies is that the energy consumers invest in fewer energy efficiency measures than recommended by the methodologies applied. This indicates that there are important aspects of demand-side energy efficiency that are ignored by the methodologies used. In this work, the cause of the difference between the recommended and observed investments is addressed by an investigation of the customer's transaction cost for the energy efficiency investment. The second part is an application of the viable system model and focuses on the role of energy efficiency activities at a public energy utility. A case study demonstrates that most energy efficiency activities were run to support energy sales and, hence, were totally entwined with the traditional business. This role observed is compared with that suggested by the demand-side management methodology. The comparison shows that demand-side management is not capable of handling important aspects of interrelations between energy efficiency activities and energy sales. The work provides a language for further discussion of the role of energy efficiency activities at energy utilities.

  • 35. Blasing, T. J.
    et al.
    Broniak, C. T.
    Marland, Gregg
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Increasing the temporal and spatial resolution of fossil-fuel carbon emissions estimates for the United States of America (abs.)2005In: Proceedings, Seventh International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Boulder, CO, USA, September 26-30, 2005, 2005Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 36. Blasing, T.J.
    et al.
    Broniak, C
    Marland, Gregg
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    State-by-state carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel use in the United States 1960-20002005In: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, ISSN 1381-2386, Vol. 10, no 4, p. 659-674Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 37. Blasing, T.J
    et al.
    Brontiak, C.T
    Marland, Greg
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    The annual cycle of fossil-fuel carbon dioxide emissions in the United States2005In: Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology, ISSN 0280-6509, E-ISSN 1600-0889, Vol. 57, no 2, p. 107-115Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Time-series of estimated monthly carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of coal, petroleum and natural gas in the United States from 1981 to 2002 have been derived from energy consumption data. The data series for coal and natural gas each reveal a consistent seasonal pattern, with a winter peak for gas and two peaks (summer and winter) for coal. The annual cycle of total emissions has an amplitude of about 20 Tg-C, and is dominated by CO2 released from consumption of natural gas. Summation of the monthly estimates to obtain annual values reveals good agreement with other estimates of CO2 emissions. The varying proportions of CO2 emitted from each fuel type over the course of a year lead to an annual cycle in the carbon isotope ratio (δ13C), with a range of about 2 ‰. These monthly carbon emissions estimates should be helpful in understanding the carbon cycle by providing (1) monthly/seasonal input for carbon cycle models, (2) estimates of the annual cycle of the 13C isotope ratio in fossil-fuel CO2 emissions and (3) data at fine enough time intervals to investigate effects of seasonal climate variations and changes in seasonally dependent use patterns of certain appliances (e.g. air conditioners) on fossil-fuel carbon emissions.

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  • 38. Bonde, Henrik
    et al.
    Bring, Gunnar
    Edvinsson, Josefin
    Elstad, Olav
    Rosenquist, Jakob
    Englund, Andreas
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Miljöanalys av Mitthögskolan: verksamheten ur ett uthållighetsperspektiv1998Report (Other academic)
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  • 39.
    Boo, Jörgen
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    On canonical homotopy operators for partial derivative in Fock type spaces in C-n2001In: Publicacions Matematiques, ISSN 0214-1493, Vol. 45, no 1, p. 223-233Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We show that a certain solution operator for partial derivative in a space of forms square integrable against e(-\z\2) is canonical, i.e.. that it gives the minimal solution when applied to a partial derivative -closed form. and gives zero when applied to a form orthogonal to Ker partial derivative. 

  • 40.
    Boo, Jörgen
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Quadratic convexity1998In: Journal d'Analyse Mathematique, ISSN 0021-7670, Vol. 76, no 1, p. 45-65Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Boo, Jörgen
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Sticky Graphs - A Tool To Model Self Assembly2004Report (Other scientific)
    Abstract [en]

    We define sticky graphs and propose their use in the study of self assembly by means of a grammar-like structure modeling the dynamic behaviour of a system.

  • 42.
    Boo, Jörgen
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    The H^p corona theorem in analytic polyhedra1997In: Arkiv för matematik, ISSN 0004-2080, Vol. 35, no 2, p. 225-251Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 43.
    Borell, Stefan
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Kutzschebauch, Frank
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Non-equivalent embeddings into complex Euclidean spaces2006In: International Journal of Mathematics, ISSN 0129-167X, Vol. 17, no 9, p. 1033-1046Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study the number of equivalence classes of proper holomorphic embeddings of a Stein space X into C-n. In this paper we prove that if the automorphism. group of X is a Lie group and there exists a proper holomorphic embedding of X into C-n, 0 < dim X < n, then for any k >= 0 there exist uncountably many non-equivalent proper holomorphic embeddings Φ: X x C-k hooked right arrow C-n x C-k. For k = 0 all embeddings will be proved to satisfy the additional property of C-n\Φ)(X) being (n-dim X)-Eisenman hyperbolic. As a corollary we conclude that there are uncountably many non-equivalent proper holomorphic embeddings of C-k into C-n whenever 0 < k < n.

  • 44. Burgdörefer, J
    et al.
    Reinhold, c O
    Hägg, Lotten
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Meyer, F
    Interaction of highly charged ions with surfaces1996In: Australian Journal of Physics, ISSN 0004-9506, Vol. 49, no 2, p. 527-541Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An overview is given of recent advances in the theoretical description of the interaction of multiply charged ions with surfaces. Simulations are presented displaying the formation of hollow atoms when slow highly charged ions approach the surface. It is shown that above-surface neutralisation proceeds via hollow-atom formation. Relaxation of the multiply excited states to the ground state occurs only subsequent to the close encounter with the topmost atomic layer.

  • 45.
    Bäckström, Ingela
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Quality Management for Sustainable Health: Methodologies, Values and Practices taken from Swedish Organizations2006Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In many Western countries today, not least in Sweden, there are a lot of organizations that have great problems with sickness absence. The costs connected to the high rates of sickness absence have also risen to alarming levels. Healthy co-workers and healthy organizations are obvious goals for many leaders, but this is not always so easy to establish. Work practices and leadership that are beneficial to co-worker health are thus vital to identify.

     

    Studies have shown relationships between company-wide implementation of quality programs and improved co-worker satisfaction along with low co-worker turn over; in other words, co-worker health along with improved customer satisfaction and financial results. Despite the great problems concerning sickness absence, there are organizations that have been awarded prizes for excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment, and profitability.

     

    The overall purposes of the research described in this thesis are to examine and describe how management and leadership can establish sustainable health among the co-workers and examine how the leadership for sustainable health is related to Quality Management. The in-depth purpose is to examine which aspects within the values derived from the quality movement are those that primarily influence the co-workers’ perceived health.

     

    The results presented can be described in three parts and are results from four case studies carried out in five different organizations. Three of the organizations have received awards for establishing good working environment, good financial results, and low sick leaves among their co-workers; the fourth received an award for the successful implementation of quality programs.

     

    The first part consists of results from case studies in three different organizations and describes how organizations can work to achieve sustainable health among their co-workers, with practical examples. The results are methodologies, values and organizational structure, which it is  considered possible for other organizations to adopt in their efforts to achieve good working conditions resulting in fewer sick leaves.

     

    The second part is an attempt to investigate if leadership for sustainable health is related to Quality Management. Methodologies, leadership values, organizational structure, and general values found in organizations which have achieved sustainable health are analyzed in the light of Deming’s 14 points, and a correlation is indicated. There is also correlation found between the TQM values and the co-workers’ perception of their health.

     

    The third part examines which of the aspects within the values grown from the quality movement are those that influence the co-workers perceived health. The results show significant correlation between the values and the co-workers’ perception of their health. Aspects found within the value “Top management commitment” were named; Empathy, Presence and Communication, Integrity, and Continuity. Within the value “Let everybody be committed” the aspects; Development, Influence and Being informed were found. These aspects are described in more detail and also in one model per value.

     

    The result implies that the TQM values; “Top management commitment”, “Improve continuously” “Let everybody be Committed” and “Focus on customers” are important for achieving healthy organizations and sustainable health among co-workers.

  • 46.
    Bäckström, Ingela
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Harnesk, Roland
    Schön, Karin
    Empiriskt underlag till forskningsrapporten "hur framgångsrika organisationer uppnår hållbar hälsa"2004Report (Other academic)
  • 47.
    Bäckström, Ingela
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Ingelsson, Pernilla
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Wiklund, Håkan
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Learning from chaos : a necessity for adapting quality management to the future?2007Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to describe the core leadership behavior in Change Oriented Leadership, the KaosPilots and Deming´s 14 points. Furthermore we aim to compare similarities and differences in these leadership behaviors, in order to propose new leadership behaviors within Quality Management to fit tomorrow´s more creativity based organizations. Methodology The research has been conducted through describing and comparing core leadership behaviors, in Change Oriented Leadership, KaosPilots and Deming´s 14-points. Findings Our comparison indicates that there are behaviors in the Change Oriented Leadership that are missing in Quality Management and probably would benefit organizations if they were adopted. The leadership that the KaosPilots addresses is different from the leadership in Quality Management in many ways but probably necessary to learn from to meet new demands from the customers and the co-workers. Originality/value Leadership within Quality Management developed with innovation and entrepreneurship from Change Oriented Leadership complimented with playfulness and chaos from the KaosPilots would most likely generate a more creative environment and thereby create more competitive organizations.

  • 48.
    Bäckström, Ingela
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Ingelsson, Pernilla
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Wreder, Åsa
    Achieving Sustaniable Health Among Co-workers: A case study at FöreningsSparbanken2005Report (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Bäckström, Ingela
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Larsson, Johan
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Wiklund, Håkan
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Management methodologies for sustaniable health: A case study at three Swedish organisations2005In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Quality Management for Organisational and Regional Development : QMOD 2005: QMOD 2005 Palermo, Italy 29.06.2005 - 01.07.2005, Luleå, 2005, p. 703-712Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Good management and leadership are key factors for sustainable development and long-term success in all types of organisations. Nevertheless, many organisations are still struggling with quality problems, sick ness absence and financial difficulties caused by poor top management. Many researchers have reported on relationships between good management and working environment, quality and efficiency. So the question is why good management is not practised to a greater extent. In this paper, management methodologies for sustainable health among employees and consequent customer satisfaction and good bottom line results are explored by studying top leaders in three Swedish successful organisations. General questions dealt with in the paper are: How can managers commit employees to be part of the proactive work with sustainable health? What methodologies can top managers use to get well-motivated employees, a good working environment, satisfied customers and good financial results? The studied organisations are two manufacturing companies and one hospital. The organisations have received national awards for their excellence in leadership, internal partnership, working environment and efficiency. They all demonstrate good examples of long-term work with sustainable health among employees which has decreased sick ness absence. Explorative qualitative methods have been used to identify management methodologies in the case organisations. The results confirm a relation between leadership and sustainable health. In all organisations sustainable leadership has been characterised by great humanity, a long-range perspective and a holistic view of management. These management methodologies with concrete examples are described in the paper.

  • 50. Bäckström, Marie
    et al.
    Kolar, Marie-Claude
    Htun, Myat
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics.
    Characterisation of fines from unbleached kraft pulps and their impact on sheet properties2008In: Holzforschung, ISSN 0018-3830, E-ISSN 1437-434X, Vol. 62, no 5, p. 546-552Article in journal (Refereed)
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