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  • 1.
    Abbasi, Seyed Hesameddin
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV). Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
    Sundin, Örjan
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work.
    Jalali, Arash
    Soares, Joaquim
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV).
    Macassa, Gloria
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV). University of Gävle.
    Mortality from Acute Coronary Syndrome: Does Place of Residence Matter?2022In: Journal of Tehran University Heart Center, ISSN 1735-8620, E-ISSN 2008-2371, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 56-61Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Current evidence shows inequality in the outcomes of rural and urban patients treated at their place of residence. This study compared in-hospital mortality between rural and urban patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) to find whether there were differences in the outcome and received treatment. Methods: Between May 2007 and January 2018, patients admitted with ACS were included. The patients’ demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, as well as their in-hospital medical courses, were recorded. The association between place of residence (rural/ urban) and in-hospital mortality due to ACS was evaluated using logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Of 9088 recruited patients (mean age =61.30±12.25 y; 5557 men [61.1%]), 838 were rural residents. A positive family history of coronary artery disease (P=0.003), smoking (P=0.002), and hyperlipidemia (P=0.026), as well as a higher body mass index (P=0.013), was seen more frequently in the urban patients, while the rural patients had lower education levels (P<0.001) and higher unemployment rates (P=0.009). In-hospital mortality occurred in 135 patients (1.5%): 10 rural (1.2%) and 125 urban (1.5%) patients (P=0.465). The Firth regression model, used to adjust the effects of possible confounders, showed no significant difference concerning in-hospital mortality between the rural and urban patients (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 0.376 to 7.450; P=0.585). Conclusion: This study found no significant differences in receiving proper treatment and in-hospital mortality between ru-ral and urban patients with ACS. 

  • 2.
    Abdullah, Abu Sayeed Md.
    et al.
    Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
    Dalal, Koustuv
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences. Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
    Yasmin, Masuma
    Kolkata, India.
    Ussatayeva, Gainel
    Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
    Halim, Abdul
    Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
    Biswas, Animesh
    Dhaka, Bangladesh.
    Perceptions and practices on newborn care and managing complications at rural communities in Bangladesh: a qualitative study2021In: BMC Pediatrics, ISSN 1471-2431, E-ISSN 1471-2431, Vol. 21, article id 168Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Community misperception on newborn care and poor treatment of sick newborn attributes to neonatal death and illness severity. Misperceptions and malpractices regarding neonatal care and neonatal complications are the leading causes of neonatal deaths in Bangladesh. The study was conducted to explore neonatal care’s perceptions and practices and manage complications among Bangladesh’s rural communities.

    Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Netrakona district of Bangladesh from April to June 2015. Three sub-districts (Upazilas) including Purbadhala, Durgapur and Atpara of Netrakona district were selected purposively. Five focus group discussions (FGDs) and twenty in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted in the rural community. Themes were identified through reading and re-reading the qualitative data and thematic analysis was performed.

    Results: Community people were far behind, regarding the knowledge of neonatal complications. Most of them felt that the complications occurred due to lack of care by the parents. Some believed that mothers did not follow the religious customs after delivery, which affected the newborns. Many of them followed the practice of bathing the newborns and cutting their hair immediately after birth. The community still preferred to receive traditional treatment from their community, usually from Kabiraj (traditional healer), village doctor, or traditional birth attendant. Families also refrained from seeking treatment from the health facilities during neonatal complications. Instead, they preferred to wait until the traditional healers or village doctors recommended transferring the newborn.

    Conclusions: Poor knowledge, beliefs and practices are the key barriers to ensure the quality of care for the newborns during complications. The communities still depend on traditional practices and the level of demand for facility care is low. Appropriate interventions focusing on these issues might improve the overall neonatal mortality in Bangladesh.

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  • 3.
    Abrahamsson, Agneta
    et al.
    School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden .
    Lindmark, Ulrika
    School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden .
    Gerdner, Arne
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Social Work. School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden .
    Sense of coherence of reindeer herders and other Samis in comparison to other Swedish citizens2013In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health, ISSN 1239-9736, E-ISSN 2242-3982, Vol. 72, no 1, p. Art. no. 20633-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Samis are indigenous people in north Europe. In the territory called Sapmi (Lapland), reindeer herding is the traditional base for the Sami economy. The relation between living conditions and positive health of the Swedish Samis has been sparsely studied. As health is closely linked to sense of coherence (SOC), an understanding of the background factors to SOC may contribute knowledge that might be useful in promoting living conditions and health. Methods. The study examines relations between the level of SOC and background factors from surveys in a Sami population (n = 613) in comparison to a non-Sami population (n = 525) in Sweden, and in comparison between 2 subsamples of Samis, that is, herders and non-herders. Results. There are more similarities than differences between the Sami and non-Sami populations. However, dividing the Sami population, reindeer herders had significantly lower SOC, and in specific the subcomponent manageability, that is, less ability to use available resources to meet different demands in life, compared to non-herders. Conclusions. In addition to age and health, predictors of SOC are related to the life form of reindeer husbandry and the belonging to the herding community.

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  • 4.
    Ahlgren, Christina
    et al.
    Umeå Univ, Dept Community Med & Rehabil, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden .
    Gillander Gådin, Katja
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Struggle for time to teach. Teachers experiences of their work situation.2011In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 40, no Suppl 1, p. 111-118Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The objective of this study was to from a gender perspective, explore elementary school teacher' experiences of their work situation, and identify conditions that could be health risks. Participants: Eighteen female teachers who work in an elementary school in Northern Sweden. Method: Thematic interviews were conducted using an interview guide. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the transcribed text and interpretations were made within gender theory. Results: Four categories emerged: "Squeezed between dream and reality", "Effort to keep up with demands", "We can make it together" and "The school needs men's qualities". The categories were linked together with the theme "A struggle for time to teach". The theme describes the conflict between the teachers' ambitions to teach and create a stimulating learning environment versus the increased need for behaviour control that took time from classroom work. Beside work at the school, the teachers carried a large burden of domestic work.Conclusions: Teachers' work includes both endless demands and great joy. Their work is structured within the schools gender system in which caring duties are subordinated despite a growing demand for behaviour control. Traditional gender roles affect their domestic work load.

  • 5.
    Ahlgren, Åsa
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Bergroth, Alf
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ekholm, Jan
    Work resumption or not after rehabilitation?: A descriptive study from six social insurance offices.2004In: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, ISSN 0342-5282, E-ISSN 1473-5660, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 171-180Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of this study was to describe measures and outcomes of vocational rehabilitation at six local national insurance offices in the same county in Sweden. Data were collected from mainframe registers and other records at each office. There were great differences in sickness allowance, incapacity rate, selected rehabilitation measures and resuming work. The percentage of sick-listed people who received any rehabilitation measure differed from 1.2 to 8.7%. The gender distribution for the study population was 36% men and 64% women and the predominant diagnosis was musculoskeletal pain conditions, which was followed by psychiatric disorders. Outcomes varied from office B, which reported 58% fully fit after completed planned rehabilitation, to office C, which reported only 24% fully fit. The clear differences in outcome between the offices indicate that various rehabilitation measures differ in effectiveness. The rehabilitation measure 'investigation of working ability' was not linked to any great proportion of people resuming work, but showed a greater correspondence to full disability pension. There were also large differences in social and demographic factors in the different municipalities. The effect of these on the rehabilitation process requires further investigation.

  • 6.
    Ahlgren, Åsa
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Bergroth, Alf
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ekholm, Jan
    Schüldt Ekholm, Kristina
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Selection of clients for vocational rehabilitation at six local social insurance offices.: a combined register and questionnaire study on rehabilitation measures and attitudes among social insurance officers.2008In: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, ISSN 1650-1977, E-ISSN 1651-2081, Vol. 40, no 3, p. 178-184Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible differences between local social insurance offices with regard to their selection of clients for vocational rehabilitation. A further aim was to determine whether social insurance officers from different local insurance offices have uniform attitudes regarding professional practice in their application of the insurance system. METHODS: A register-based investigation of 815 vocational rehabilitees served by 6 local social insurance offices in a Swedish county. The study was supplemented with a questionnaire to 30 officers about attitudes to social insurance. RESULTS: The office with the lowest rate of sick-listing periods exceeding one year, and a high frequency of employment training, showed the highest degree of work resumption and the lowest pension rate after vocational rehabilitation. There were wide differences in attitude among the local social insurance officers regarding professional practice in their application of the system. CONCLUSION: Intra-county differences occur in handling people on sick-leave who undergo vocational rehabilitation. The local social insurance offices with the highest and lowest outcome rates of work resumption and disability pension, respectively, select clients for vocational rehabilitation from different categories of cases. Social insurance officers from different local offices differ in their attitudes towards the social insurance system and its clients.

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  • 7.
    Ahlgren, Åsa
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Bergroth, Alf
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ekholm, Jan
    Schüldt Ekholm, Kristina
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Work resumption after vocational rehabilitation: a follow-up two years after completed rehabilitation2007In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 28, no 4, p. 343-354Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A short-term evaluation of vocational rehabilitation (VR) may give conclusions not automatically applicable over a longer term. The present study follows up alterations in work resumption or in social insurance benefits from the time of completed VR and during the following two years. AIM: The primary objective was to evaluate work resumption among previous sick-leavers granted vocational rehabilitation. The aim of the follow-up was to assess the stability of the outcome of VR over time and to analyse factors of importance for clients that remained at work. METHOD: A register investigation was based on 815 cases where the clients had taken part in vocational rehabilitation and were served by one of six local social insurance offices of a Swedish county. RESULTS: Of the clients studied, 52.4% had attained full working capacity The proportion had decreased to 37.4% two years later. One factor that differed between those who resumed work and those who returned to sick leave was the duration of the previous sick-leave period. Those who returned to work had had shorter sick leave, had jobs to return to and had received job training as a vocational rehabilitation measure. CONCLUSIONS: The clients with the best chances of being in work two years after completed vocational rehabilitation were those with short sickness absence, who had been selected for job training as a vocational rehabilitation, were aged 16-29 years and were employed in industry.

  • 8.
    Ahlgren, Åsa
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Broman, Lisbet
    Bergroth, Alf
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ekholm, Jan
    Disability pension despite vocational rehabilitation: A study from six social insurance offices of a county2005In: International Journal of Rehabilitation Reserch, ISSN 0342-5282, Vol. 28, no 1, p. 33-42Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many long-term sick-listed individuals move from vocational rehabilitation to pension, rather than reaching the goal of return to work. There is thus reason to consider whether rehabilitation resources are being used optimally. Individuals receiving disability pensions are consuming financial and personnel resources at the insurance offices and also consume a large amount of health care. The general objective of the study was to evaluate the proportion of individuals granted vocational rehabilitation but then obtaining temporary or permanent disability pensions. All persons receiving any kind of rehabilitation and attending one of six local national insurance offices in a county in Sweden in 1998 and 1999 were studied. A 2-year follow-up was carried out to assess changes in status among those who had received temporary disability pensions. Of all individuals receiving rehabilitation, 46.2% ended up with a disability pension allowance. In addition, a large portion of the temporary disability pensions was transformed to permanent disability pensions within 2 years. For clients with a temporary disability pension, the rate of resuming work was close to nil. Among rehabilitation measures, investigation showed the lowest figures of work resumption while job training showed the best outcome in this respect. The study concluded that a large portion of the financial and personnel resources allocated by the national insurance offices to rehabilitation resulted in disability pensions.

  • 9.
    Ahlstedt, Victoria
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV).
    Deliberately induced abortion prior to seeking postabortion care in public healthcare facilities – A quantitative study among women in western Kenya.2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Unsafe abortion is a major cause of maternal mortality in Kenya. There are significant barriers to access quality reproductive health care due to ambiguity in interpretation of the law, socioeconomic factors and stigma surrounding abortion. The aim was to investigate procedures of self-induced abortion used prior to seeking post-abortion care services, and predictors for self-induced abortion, among women in western Kenya. A cross sectional study was performed, with data collected by questionnaires from a randomized controlled trial executed in 2013-2016. In total, 805 women were included, of which 57 women reported self-induced abortion. This formed two groups and differences between them were investigated using descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression. Marital status, employment and parity differed significantly between the groups, but not education level. Most (43.1%) used misoprostol to induce abortion, and many performed the abortion at home (39.6%), hence an unsafe setting. Traditional healers were involved in 14.6% and herbs by 35.3%. A higher percentage in the self-induced abortion group did not receive contraceptive counselling (7.5%) compared to the other group (1.8%). Being single was associated with a higher risk of self-induced abortion. Despite knowledge of risks, women chose an unsafe abortion most probably in the strive for nondisclosure. This study highlights the methods and settings used in selfinduced abortion. Knowledge of these processes contribute with information for larger health-care interventions to prevent unsafe abortions.

  • 10.
    Ahmed Shire, F Sagal
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Healthcare professional´s experience of promoting maternal mental health: a qualitative study in Saudi Arabia.2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 11. Alam, Md Badrul
    et al.
    Saha, Uttam Kumar
    Mashreky, Saidur Rahman
    Hussain, AHM Enayet
    Haque, Md Atiqul
    Rahman, AKM Fazlur
    Dalal, Koustuv
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV).
    Mohammad, Quazi Deen
    Health-seeking behaviour of stroke patients in a rural area of Bangladesh2023In: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal, E-ISSN 2224-7750, Vol. 16, no 2, p. 75-80Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Improper health-seeking behaviours (HSB) have been correlated with detrimental health outcomes, elevated rates of illness and mortality. The study aimed to investigate how stroke patients in a rural community of Bangladesh seek health care.

    Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Raiganj sub-district of Sirajganj district from January to June 2016, using a validated screening tool to identify stroke patients at the household level. Neurologists confirmed the diagnosis after examining all suspected cases. Out of the 419 suspected cases identified during the screening process, 186 cases were officially reported after undergoing a confirmed diagnosis. Information on health-seeking behaviour was collected through face-to-face interviews with patients or their attendants.

    Results: After experiencing a stroke, approximately 35% of patients received treatment from unregistered care providers and over 40% received treatment outside of a hospital setting. Males were significantly more likely than females to receive treatment from registered physicians or hospitals (P<.05 and P<.01). A significantly higher proportion of educated individuals sought healthcare from registered physicians or hospitals (P<.05). Although better health-seeking behaviour was observed among higher-income groups, the findings were not statistically significant. Around 67% of patients were found to be hypertensive, with about one-third of them not taking any medication for their elevated blood pressure. Approximately 37% of patients had elevated blood glucose levels but only 22% were taking medication.

    Conclusion: A notable proportion of stroke patients in rural Bangladesh sought treatment from unqualified service providers. Health-seeking behaviour was associated with factors such as gender, education, and economic condition.

  • 12.
    Alfredsson, Lars
    et al.
    lars.alfredsson@imm.ki.se.
    Hammar, Niklas
    Fransson, Eleanor
    de Faire, Ulf
    Hallqvist, Johan
    Knutsson, Anders
    Nilsson, Tohr
    Theorell, Törres
    Westerholm, Peter
    Job strain and major risk factors for coronary heart disease.: Baseline results from the WOLF Study2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, ISSN 0355-3140, Vol. 28, no 4, p. 238-248Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The results do not support the hypothesis that job strain has an adverse impact on serum total cholesterol and plasma fibrinogen levels. They suggest that an increased risk of coronary heart disease in association with job strain, if causal, is mediated by other factors, possibly partly by hypertension and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

  • 13.
    Ali, Amal
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Oral health professionals’ experiences and perspectives with oral health prevention in Somaliland: - A qualitative study2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Dental caries has declined in high-income countries in the last 30 years but is on the rise in low-income countries, affecting both children and adults. Although oral health is an integral and vital part of general health, it is still a neglected global public health area despite oral diseases being the most common non-communicable diseases globally. Objectives: This study aimed to understand and describe oral health professionals' experiences and perspectives with oral health prevention in Somaliland. Methods: Qualitative study with semi-structured telephone interviews with oral health professionals (n = 9). Subjects were recruited through convenience, and snowball sampling process, and data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Three main themes were identified: (1) insufficient awareness and traditional beliefs, (2) the government's limitations, and (3) strategies to improve oral health prevention. Limited oral health knowledge and low health literacy contributed to the high prevalence of dental caries. Additionally, the government's limitations constrain efforts to promote healthy living standards, aggravating the population's oral health and country’s substandard oral healthcare system. Preventative efforts targeting the most vulnerable in Somaliland and improving educational attainment in the country, with focus on mothers, were strategies raised to improve the populations’ oral health. Conclusion: With limited resources, investing and focusing on primary prevention is advisable. The available research on oral health was mainly based on data from high-income countries; thus, more research is required. National oral health surveys and baseline data are necessary to plan context- and cultural-appropriate oral health programs relevant for Somaliland.

  • 14.
    Almséus, Johanna
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV).
    Implementering av tidiga och samordnade insatser för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa bland barn och unga i en landsbygdskommun: Verksamhetsansvarigas erfarenheter2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Tidiga och samordnande insatser med syfte att barn och unga ska få stöd i ett tidigt skede för att undvika en ogynnsam utveckling är något som skett i olika projekt i Sverige på uppdrag av regeringen. Få studier på implementeringsprocessen av samverkan har genomförts utifrån ett landsbygdsperspektiv. Syfte: Var att undersöka verksamhetsansvarigas upplevelser och erfarenheter av att implementera tidiga och samordnade insatser som ska förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn och unga, i en landsbygdskommun. Metod: Semistrukturerade fokusgruppsdiskussioner och enkätundersökningar genomfördes 2022–2023 med styr- och ledningsgrupp, vilka representerade förskola, skola, socialtjänst och primärvården i arbetet med att implementera Hälsa, Lärande och Trygghet (HLT), en samverkansmodell för tidiga och samordnade insatser för barn och unga. FGDerna spelades in, transkriberades och analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i ett tema, goda organisatoriska förutsättningar främjar motivation och förändringsvilja under implementeringsprocessen, och tre huvudkategorier; förändringsvilja och mognadsprocess, som handlade om följsamhet till modellen, flexibla mötesformer, och behovet av tid för mål- och kvalitetsarbete, resursanvändning är utmanande, som speglade resursfördelning, kommunikation och den personkännedom som förknippas med en landsbygdskontext, och motivationsskapande faktorer som baserades på kunskap om varandras verksamheter, goda exempel och egna erfarenheter. Slutsats: Hinder som, resursbrist, långa avstånd och otydligheter i mål- och kvalitetsarbete försvårar implementeringen av samverkansmodellen HLT. Men, framgångsfaktorer som kan överkomma dessa hinder och driva arbetet är följsamheten till arbetsmodellen, med utrymme för flexibilitet avseende mötesform, tydliga kommunikationsvägar samt relationsbygge med fokus på kunskap om varandras verksamheter. I detta öppna arbetsklimat kan ett gemensamt mål- och kvalitetsarbete växa fram.

  • 15.
    Alonso Lavén, Anna
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV).
    Preconception health awareness and fertility knowledge: Among women seeking contraceptive counselling in a Swedish region2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Preconception health is an important topic as it may influence pregnancy outcome and future maternal- and child health. Preconception health includes fertility knowledge and is about becoming and staying healthy. Aim: To investigate women´s knowledge about what reduces the ability to become pregnant, among women seeking contraceptive counselling in a Swedish region. Method: This was a sub study nested in a randomized controlled trail (2015-2016), among women (n=1946) seeking contraceptive counselling. Data for the current study was collected at baseline (2015). The questionnaire contained 41 questions including the women’s background characteristics. One question was open-ended ´What reduces the ability to become pregnant ‘, which was the aim to analyse in the current study. Qualitative manifest content analysis was used combined with quantitative parametric tests to identify differences between groups based on the women´s background characteristics. Result: Seven different categories were identified as potential factors that could reduce the ability to become pregnant. The most reported category was lifestyle factors, including tobacco use, alcohol consumption, body weight, eating habits and physical activity habits (n=140; 73.8%), followed by sociopsychological factors (n=570; 30%). Age as a factor was less mentioned, but more commonly reported by women in age group 20-24. Relevant factors that can impair the ability to conceive was more reported by women with higher education, women in the Nordic countries, and among those who had given birth. Conclusion: Fertility knowledge seem to be diverse among women seeking contraceptive counselling, emphasizing a need for interventions to increase fertility knowledge, however, adapted to needs in different societal groups.

  • 16.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Domalewski, D
    Physical activity, health and prevalence of overweight and musculoskeletal complaints in young women2008In: Exercise and Women's Health Research, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2008, p. 143-155Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Domalewski, D
    Romild, Ulla
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Social Sciences.
    Asplund, Ragnar
    Physical activity, health, body mass index, sleeping habits and bodycomplaints in Australian senior high school students2008In: International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, ISSN 0334-0139, E-ISSN 2191-0278, Vol. 20, no 4, p. 501-512Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Adolescents in the industrial world are becoming less physically active and are increasingly adopting a sedentary life-style in front of computers and television screens. OBJECTIVE: to determine self-related health, physical activity, sleeping habits, prevalence of overweight, and body complaints in Australian senior high school students. METHODS: Participants were 466 high school students aged 15-17 years enrolled in academic and vocational programs. A questionnaire was completed at two senior high schools with questions about weight and height, health, physical activity, type of physical activity/sport, intensity, sleeping habits, and possible injuries or complaints during the last three months. RESULTS: Seventy seven percent of the high school students participated in sports on a regular basis. Compared with vocational programs, more males and females in academic programs participated in sports (71% and 80% respectively) (p = .036). Males reported significantly better health than females (p < .0001). 65% of the study group reported body complaints during the last 3 months. A higher number of females than males reported complaints about the back (p = .007) and the hip (p = .05). Good sleep was reported in 82.1% of males and in 76.6% of females. In males, 44.3% were often sleepy in the daytime (females 56.6%, p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Underweight, physical activity and good sleep are factors with significant positive effect on good health, whereas overweight is a negative factor. Proper sleep habits and higher physical activity levels should be promoted among high school students, and TV viewing time and video game use restricted. Additionally, schools should provide opportunities for young people to participate in a wider range of physical activities that address their individual needs while promoting the health benefits of engaging in regular exercise.

  • 18.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Domalewski, Debra
    Romild, Ulla
    Asplund, Ragnar
    Health, sleeping Habits and Physical activity2009In: Obesity and Adolescence: A Public Health Concern / [ed] Omar H A, Greydanus D E, Patel D R, Merrick J., New york: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2009, p. 97-105Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 19.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Harms-Ringdahl, Karin
    Larsson, Börje
    Linder, Jan
    Werner, Suzanne
    Neck muscle strength and endurance in fighter pilots: effects of a supervised training program2004In: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, ISSN 0095-6562, Vol. 75, no 1, p. 23-28Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 20.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Harms-Ringdahl, Karin
    Schüldt, Kristina
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ekholm, Jan
    linder, Jürgen
    Mobility, muscular strength and endurance in the cervical spine in Swedish air force pilots2001In: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, ISSN 0095-6562, Vol. 72, no 4, p. 336-342Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: Muscle strength, endurance and range of movement of the cervical spine in a group of Swedish Air Force jet pilots (AF) and in a reference group of conscripts doing their military service (RG) were compared. METHODS: We tested 30 (AF) 24-42 yr and 33 (RG) 19-22 yr. A questionnaire was used to document complaints. Maximum voluntary isometric muscle strength of the flexor and extensor muscles of the cervical spine and sub-maximum isometric endurance in the flexor and extensor muscles were measured. RESULTS: Eleven AF (37%) and four RG (12%) had experienced discomfort in the neck within the previous year. The pilots' flexor and extensor muscle strength (47 Nm and 65 Nm) was superior to that of the conscripts (36 Nm and 59 Nm) (p = 0.0001, p = < 0.05, respectively). However, the RG group had greater isometric endurance in the flexor muscles than AF (p = < 0.05) and greater neck rotation (p = <0.005). There was no difference between the two groups in the other variables. CONCLUSION: Differences between the groups with regard to muscle strength and endurance might depend on variations in work-related physical muscle strain, and/or differences in fiber composition in the muscles, which might be reflected by pilot selection procedures.

  • 21.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Harms-Ringdahl, Karin
    Werner, Suzanne
    Reliability of sports related functional tests with emphasis on speed and agility in young athletes.2001In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, ISSN 0905-7188, Vol. 11, no 4, p. 229-232Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the present investigation was to test the reliability of two sports related functional tests, a speed test (slalom-test) and an agility test (hurdle-test). Eleven athletes aged 11 years (8 boys, 3 girls) participated voluntarily in the study. All subjects completed four different test sessions for both the slalom-test and the hurdle-test using six standard track hurdles placed at 2-m intervals along a 12-m length of track. There were no significant differences between testing sessions for either the slalom-test (P=0.99) or the hurdle-test (P=0.96), showing no systematic variation between test times. The intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.96 and 0.90 respectively, indicating a good reliability. We conclude that the slalom-test and the hurdle-test are reliable sports related functional tests for measuring speed and agility in groups of young athletic individuals.

  • 22.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Landstad, Bodil
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Physical activity, self-related health and complaints in adolescents2007In: Adolescent behaviour research: International perspectives, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2007, , p. 179p. 119-128Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 23.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Landstad, Bodil
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Romild, Ulla
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Information Technology and Media.
    Werner, Suzanne
    Self-related health, physical activity and complaints in Swedish high school students2006In: Scientific World Journal, E-ISSN 1537-744X, Vol. 6, p. 816-826Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this investigation was to study self-related health, physical activity and level of exertion, as well as body complaints in Swedish high school students. A total of 993 high school students aged 16–19 years participated in the study. A questionnaire was completed at school and included questions about self-related health, physical activity behavior, type of physical activity/sport, intensity, duration, possible injuries or complaints, and absence from physical training at school, during the last 3 months. The results showed that 26% of the high school students participated in sports on a regular basis. Males reported significantly better health than females (p < 0.0005). A significantly higher number of females participated in physical activities at a lower level of effort (p < 0.0005) and a higher number of males trained at a higher level of effort (p < 0.005). Sixty-one percent reported body pain during the last 3 months, representing a higher number of females than males (p = 0.03). A higher number of females than males reported complaints from the back (p = 0.002), the knees (p = 0.015), the neck (p = 0.001), and the hip (p = 0.015). Females with body complaints reported poorer health than those without complaints. There was a correlation between poor self-related health and a lower level of physical effort (0.219; p < 0.001). The results showed that the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was high in this population and demonstrated a certain association with self-related health. Therefore, it is important to make it easy for adolescents to perform physical activity at school and during their leisure time in order to prevent chronic diseases.

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  • 24.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Molin, Ibe
    Physical activity and health among adolescents with cerebral palsy in Sweden2009In: International journal of adolescent medicine and health, ISSN 0334-0139, Vol. 21, no 4, p. 623-633Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common disorder of movement and posture in children. The disorder results from a non-progressive brain lesion occurring in the fetal or infant brain. Children with CP have challenges with movement, posture, and mobility that last a life time. Few studies describe physical activity and health among adolescents with CP. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe self-related health, physical activity, and body complaints among adolescents with CP in Sweden. Methods: A questionnaire was answered by 64 adolescents with CP, with 143 adolescents without disabilities serving as controls. Results: Adolescents with CP reported their general health to be better than adolescents without disabilities (p = .001). Adolescents with CP participated less than adolescents without disabilities in sport during recreation time (p = .009). About 19% of adolescents with CP were never or seldom physically active, compared with 8% in the control group (p = .025). A total of 50% of adolescents with CP reported musculoskeletal complaints during the last three months, compared with 69.5% in the control group. There was a correlation between musculoskeletal complaints and self-related health in adolescents with CP (p = .015) but not in the controls. Conclusion: Adolescents with CP reported their general health to be good. Adolescents with CP were less physically active than adolescents without disabilities. There was a correlation between musculoskeletal complaints and self-related health among adolescents with CP. Further research is needed to determine the cause of the low physical activity among adolescents with CP and also to determine the relationship between musculoskeletal complaints and physical activity.

  • 25.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjöström, Rita
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Asplund, Ragnar
    Back to work - evaluation of multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme with emphasis on musculoskeletal disorders. A two year follow-up2007In: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, ISSN 0342-5282, E-ISSN 1473-5660, Vol. 30, no 1, p. 35-36Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 2-year outcome of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for working-age people, regarding sick leave and mental health. Method. The test persons consisted of 40 women and 20 men (mean age 46.8 +/- SD 7.9) with musculoskeletal disorders, mainly neck and back pain. The rehabilitation programme was individually adapted and consisted of physical activity in several forms, relaxation, theoretical and practical education and individual guidance. Before, during and after the programme all participants were evaluated with the Global Self-Efficacy Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and stress test. Results. At the 2-year follow-up full-time sick leave had decreased by 37% (p < 0.0001) in the women, and by 25% (p < 0.05) in the men. Both women and men showed an increased quality of life (QoL) and decreased anxiety, depression and self-experienced stress at the 2-year follow-up compared with the start of the rehabilitation programme. Conclusions. The most important conclusion was that the effects of the rehabilitation programme persisted for up to 2 years. At 2 years the majority of the participants were still physically active, their QoL was increased, and most participants had returned to work.

  • 26.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Werner, Suzanne
    Dansträning för längdskidåkare: får jag lov, Per Elofsson?2002In: Svensk idrottsforskning, ISSN 1103-4629, Vol. 11, no 4, p. 77-79Article in journal (Other scientific)
  • 27.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Werner, Suzanne
    Reliability tests of joint motion and muscle flexibility of the hip. 2002In: Nordisk fysioterapi, ISSN 1402-3024, Vol. 6, no 3, p. 119-124Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 28.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences. Section of Sports Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.
    Werner, Suzanne
    Section of Sports Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm; Capio Artro Clinic, S:t Görans Hospital, Stockholm.
    Self-reported health, physical activity and prevalence of complaints in elite cross-country skiers and matched controls2005In: Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, ISSN 0022-4707, E-ISSN 1827-1928, Vol. 45, no 4, p. 547-552Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim. The purpose of this study was to compare physical health, physical activity and location for possible symptoms in high school students with cross-country skiers of the same age from ski high schools. Another aim was to study back pain with regards to influence on skiing.Methods. The subjects studied were: 92% (n=120) of all Swedish cross-country skiers at ski high schools and 68% (n=993) of regular high school students from the North part of Sweden answered a reliable questionnaire (r=1) with regards to health, physical activity and location of possible symptoms/injuries during the last 3 months. Furthermore, the skiers answered questions on possible ski related back pain.Results. All skiers were active also in other sports compared with 26% of the controls and at considerably higher levels of physical effort than the controls; 92% of the skiers and 76% of the controls described themselves as healthy, meaning "very good" or "good" (P=0.0001); 55% of the skiers and 64% of the controls reported recent symptoms (P=0.06); 47% of the skiers reported previous or present complaints of back pain, mainly low back pain, which could be relieved by changing body position from a flexed to a more extended one while skiing, and 77% reported their back pain to disappear during rest.Conclusion. These results show the need for encouraging regular high school students to participate in sport. It also shows the importance of introducing preventative strategies regarding back pain to long-distance cross-country skiers, who are exposed to a prolonged flexed position of their back.

  • 29.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Werner, Suzanne
    The effect of pre-season dance training on physical indices and back pain in elite cross-country skiers: a prospective controlled intervention study2004In: British journal of sports medicine, ISSN 0306-3674, Vol. 38, no 2, p. 148-153Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Alricsson, Marie
    et al.
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Werner, Suzanne
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
    Young elite cross-country skiers and low back pain: A 5-year study2006In: Physical Therapy in Sport, ISSN 1466-853X, E-ISSN 1873-1600, Vol. 7, no 4, p. 181-184Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives To evaluate possible changes in spinal curvature over a period of 5 years of an elite cross-country skiing squad, and to study whether there are any differences in this respect between individuals who report low back pain and those how do not. Participants Fifteen young cross-country skiers (M age=13.6±0.9) participated voluntarily throughout the entire study period. Main outcome measures Debrunner's kyphometer was used for measuring the difference between thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis of the spine. All subjects also answered a questionnaire including questions about ski-related low back pain, the amount of ski training, and participation in other sports. Results The results at the end of the 5-year period comprise data from 15 skiers (M age=18.5±0.9 years). The relationship between thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis increased from 3.5° to 13.1°, respectively (p=0.0001). Of the 15 elite cross-country skiers, seven reported low back pain at the 5-year examination. At the 5-year follow-up, skiers with low back pain showed significantly higher relationship between thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis than did those skiers without low back pain, 18.2° and 10.5°, respectively (p=0.035). Of the eight elite cross-country skiers without low back pain, seven were also involved in other sports (p=0.005). Conclusions Based on these findings, our advice is that adolescent cross-country skiers also should participate in other physical activities besides cross-country skiing.

  • 31. Amin, M. A.
    et al.
    Mozid, N. -E
    Ahmed, S. B.
    Sharmin, S.
    Monju, I. H.
    Jhumur, S. S.
    Sarker, W.
    Dalal, Koustuv
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV).
    Hawlader, M. D. H.
    Status of female sexual dysfunction among postmenopausal women in Bangladesh2022In: BMC Women's Health, E-ISSN 1472-6874, Vol. 22, no 1, article id 401Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Women's sexual health and physical desire for sex are most important for their emotional and physical well-being. This study aimed to examine the status of sexual dysfunction among postmenopausal women in Bangladesh and assess the significant risk factors behind this. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 45–55 years in four public and private hospitals in Bangladesh from April 2021 to June 2021 using a multi-stage sampling technique to enroll the study participants. The female sexual function index (FSFI) scale measured the prevalence of FSD, and the relationship of independent risk factors were assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The total score of FSFI among postmenopausal Bangladeshi women was 18.07 ± 8.51. Among 260 participants, the prevalence of FSD was 56.9%. Out of all the significant risk factors, increasing age, urban population group, multiparous, homemakers, duration of menopause, and postmenopausal women with no hormone therapy were significantly associated with FSD. In contrast, those with regular physical activity were protective of FSD. Conclusion: In conclusion, a significant proportion of postmenopausal Bangladeshi women are enduring sexual dysfunction. Proper hormonal therapy and non-hormonal therapies such as physical activity and pelvic floor muscle (Kegel) exercise with adequate counseling are helpful to cope in this distressing situation. 

  • 32.
    Amréus, Carina
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Omorganisation och Hälsa: Hur påverkas anställdas hälsa av upprepad omorganisation/omstrukturering?2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 33.
    Amugongo, Jael
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Assessing parental perceptions to a school-based intervention study on dengue and chikungunya in Kwale County, South Coast Kenya: A qualitative study2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 34.
    Anderbro, Therese
    et al.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Psychol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gonder-Frederick, Linda
    Univ Virginia, Dept Psychiat & Neurobehav Sci, Charlottesville, VA USA.
    Bolinder, Jan
    Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Lins, Per-Eric
    Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Div Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wredling, Regina
    Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Div Med, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Moberg, Erik
    Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Lisspers, Jan
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology. Sophiahemmet Univ Coll, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Johansson, Unn-Britt
    Sophiahemmet Univ Coll, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Fear of hypoglycemia: relationship to hypoglycemic risk and psychological factors2015In: Acta Diabetologica, ISSN 0940-5429, E-ISSN 1432-5233, Vol. 52, no 3, p. 581-589Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The major aims of this study were to examine (1) the association between fear of hypoglycemia (FOH) in adults with type 1 diabetes with demographic, psychological (anxiety and depression), and disease-specific clinical factors (hypoglycemia history and unawareness, A(1c)), including severe hypoglycemia (SH), and (2) differences in patient subgroups categorized by level of FOH and risk of SH. Questionnaires were mailed to 764 patients with type 1 diabetes including the Swedish translation of the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS) and other psychological measures including the Perceived Stress Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, Social Phobia Scale, and Fear of Complications Scale. A questionnaire to assess hypoglycemia history was also included and A(1c) measures were obtained from medical records. Statistical analyses included univariate approaches, multiple stepwise linear regressions, Chi-square t tests, and ANOVAs. Regressions showed that several clinical factors (SH history, frequency of nocturnal hypoglycemia, self-monitoring) were significantly associated with FOH but R (2) increased from 16.25 to 39.2 % when anxiety measures were added to the model. When patients were categorized by level of FOH (low, high) and SH risk (low, high), subgroups showed significant differences in non-diabetes-related anxiety, hypoglycemia history, self-monitoring, and glycemic control. There is a strong link between FOH and non-diabetes-related anxiety, as well as hypoglycemia history. Comparison of patient subgroups categorized according to level of FOH and SH risk demonstrated the complexity of FOH and identified important differences in psychological and clinical variables, which have implications for clinical interventions.

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  • 35.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
    Knutsson, Anders
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Hagberg, S.
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
    Nilsson, T.
    Sundsvall Hospital.
    Karlsson, B.
    Umeå University.
    Alfredsson, L.
    Karolinska Institute.
    Torén, K.
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
    Incidence of asthma among workers exposed to sulfur dioxide and other irritant gases2006In: European Respiratory Journal, ISSN 0903-1936, E-ISSN 1399-3003, Vol. 27, no 4, p. 720-725Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the present study was to investigate whether repeated peak exposure (gassings) to sulphur dioxide (SO2) and other irritant gases increases the risk of new-onset asthma. A questionnaire was sent to 4,112 sulphite workers, of whom 1,919 completed the questionnaire and 396 completed the short-form questionnaire, which was sent out as a last reminder. A sample of 130 nonrespondents completed a telephone interview using the short-form questionnaire. The incidence of adult-onset, physician-diagnosed asthma during employment duration was analysed in relation to exposure to SO2 and gassings giving rise to respiratory symptoms. Incidence rates, as well as incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI), were calculated. Further Cox regression models were used allowing assessment of hazard ratios (HR) stratified for sex and adjusted for atopy, smoking habits and age. The incidence rate for asthma among sulphite mill workers reporting gassings of SO2 was 6.2 out of 1,000 person-yrs, compared with 1.9 out of 1,000 person-yrs among subjects unexposed to SO2 and any gassings (HR (95% CI) 4.0 (2.1-7.7)). Among males reporting gassings to SO2, the HR (95% CI) for asthma was 5.8 (2.6-13) compared with unexposed males. In conclusion, repeated peak exposure to sulphur dioxide increased the incidence of asthma during work in sulphite pulp mills, which supports the hypothesis of irritant-induced asthma.

  • 36.
    Andersson, Therese
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Attitudes, Knowledge and Practices Regarding Malaria Prevention and Treatment among Pregnant Women in Ahanta District, Ghana2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 37.
    Andersson, Therese
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Gravida kvinnor och malaria - Kvalitativ intervjustudie om sjukvårdspersonals upplevelser av gravida kvinnors attityd och kunskap kring malaria.2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 38. Araghi, M.
    et al.
    Galanti, M. R.
    Lundberg, M.
    Liu, Z.
    Ye, W.
    Lager, A.
    Engström, G.
    Alfredsson, L.
    Knutsson, Anders
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Norberg, M.
    Wennberg, P.
    Lagerros, Y. T.
    Bellocco, R.
    Pedersen, N. L.
    Östergren, P.-O.
    Magnusson, C.
    No association between moist oral snuff (snus) use and oral cancer: pooled analysis of nine prospective observational studies2021In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 49, no 8, p. 833-840Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: Worldwide, smokeless-tobacco use is a major risk factor for oral cancer. Evidence regarding the particular association between Swedish snus use and oral cancer is, however, less clear. We used pooled individual data from the Swedish Collaboration on Health Effects of Snus Use to assess the association between snus use and oral cancer. Methods: A total of 418,369 male participants from nine cohort studies were followed up for oral cancer incidence through linkage to health registers. We used shared frailty models with random effects at the study level, to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for confounding factors. Results: During 9,201,647 person-years of observation, 628 men developed oral cancer. Compared to never-snus use, ever-snus use was not associated with oral cancer (adjusted HR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.74, 1.09). There were no clear trends in risk with duration or intensity of snus use, although lower intensity use (â©œ 4 cans/week) was associated with a reduced risk (HR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.94). Snus use was not associated with oral cancer among never smokers (HR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.57, 1.32). Conclusions: Swedish snus use does not appear to be implicated in the development of oral cancer in men. 

  • 39.
    Archer, John
    et al.
    Univ Cent Lancashire, Sch Psychol, Preston PR1 3TQ, Lancs, England .
    Dixon, Louise
    Univ Birmingham, Ctr Forens & Criminol Psychol, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England .
    Graham-Kevan, Nicola
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Social Sciences.
    Perpetrator programmes for partner violence: A rejoinder to Respect2012In: Legal and Criminological Psychology, ISSN 1355-3259, E-ISSN 2044-8333, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 225-232Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose. To reply to the comments made by Debbonaire and Todd (2012) in relation to our critique of Respect's Position Statement. Method. We examined their reply in relation to our original article and to the wider research literature. Results. We show that Debbonaire and Todd's reply is largely a series of assertions, for which little or no supporting evidence is offered. Their argument is first that we are misplaced in criticizing their Position Statement, and second that the main points of the statement are defendable. We indicate why our criticisms of the statement still stand. Conclusions. We argue that Respect have not countered our overall criticism of their position that intimate partner violence (IPV) can only be addressed as a gendered issue, that is as a consequence of patriarchal values enacted at the individual level. Instead we advocate a gender-inclusive approach applying a knowledge base derived from robust empirical research on IPV and more widely from research on human aggression.

  • 40.
    Armstrong, M. L.
    et al.
    University of South Florida.
    snyder, K. M.
    university of south florida.
    Stiles, P
    University of South Florida.
    Expected impact of the Child Health Insurance Program on Alcohol and Drug Abuse and Mental Health Operations Base Funding1999Report (Other academic)
  • 41.
    Arpino, Helene
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Samband mellan shopping och livskvalitet bland kvinnor 19 – 24 år2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Psykisk ohälsa ökar framför allt bland yngre kvinnor i dagens västerländska samhälle som karaktäriseras av konsumtion och materialism. Studier visar att ju mer en person bryr sig om yttre, materialistiska mål och värden desto lägre är dess personliga välbefinnande och personen rapporterar lägre lycka och livstillfredsställelse. Den här studiens syfte var att undersöka om det finns samband mellan shopping och låg livskvalitet bland kvinnor mellan 19 och 24 år. Data samlades in med en digital enkät med frågor relaterade till shoppingvanor, shoppingberoende och livskvalitet. Etthundraåtta kvinnor svarade. Det fanns ett positivt samband mellan shoppingberoende och självupplevd god livskvalitet. Kvinnor som bor i city/innerstad var mer shoppingberoende och upplevde högre livskvalitet medan kvinnor som bodde på landsbygden var shoppingberoende i mindre utsträckning och uppgav lägre grad av livskvalitet. När gränsen för shoppingberoende höjdes försvann sambandet mellan shoppingberoende och god livskvalitet vilket skulle kunna tolkas som att en tendens till eller en moderat grad av shoppingberoende har positivt samband med god livskvalitet men vid ett kraftigare shoppingberoende försvinner denna positiva effekt. 

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  • 42.
    Arriaga, P.
    et al.
    Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Cis-IUL, Portugal .
    Esteves, Francisco
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology. Centre for Psychological Research and Social Intervention, Cis-IUL, Portugal .
    Fernandes, S.
    ISCTE-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Cis-IUL, Portugal .
    Playing for better or for worse?: Health and social outcomes with electronic gaming2013In: Handbook of Research on ICTs for Human-Centered Healthcare and Social Care Services / [ed] Cruz-Cunha, M; Miranda, I; Goncalves, P, IGI Global, 2013, p. 48-69Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Of the many of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products, electronic games are considered as having great potential for improving health and social outcomes. This chapter considers the factors that may be involved in facilitating health and social outcomes and also those factors that might be considered risk factors by reviewing studies that have shown both positive and detrimental effects on people's physical and mental health. The authors also debate some research questions that remain unanswered and suggest guidelines for practitioners, researchers, and game designers.

  • 43. Arriaga, P.
    et al.
    Esteves, Francisco
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work.
    Pavlova, M. A.
    Piçarra, N.
    Editorial: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): The Impact and Role of Mass Media During the Pandemic2021In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 12, article id 729238Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 44.
    Asplund, Eva-Karin
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences (HOV).
    Må bra ute!: En kvalitativ granskning av hur friluftslivets hälsoeffekter kommuniceras via svenska kommuners hemsidor.2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sveriges kommuner har ett stort ansvar för att informera om friluftsliv. Innehållet på kommunernas hemsidor avseende friluftslivets hälsoeffekter är tidigare relativt outforskat. Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka hur kommuner kommunicerar friluftslivets hälsoeffekter via sina hemsidor. Metod: Studien genomfördes med kvalitativ induktiv ansats genom dokumentanalys och inkluderade tjugo svenska kommuners hemsidor med granskning av information i webbdelen, översiktsplaner och friluftsplaner. Analysen genomfördes med innehållsanalys och i analysprocessen söktes efter mönster och bärande innehåll för att identifiera hälsoeffekter av friluftsliv. Resultat: Temat var Friluftsliv - en hälsofrämjande resurs. Identifierade kategorier var psykiska, fysiska, sociala hälsoeffekter och preventiva effekter. Slutsats: Resultatet visade att kommunerna informerade om friluftslivets hälsoeffekter i större utsträckning i översiktsplaner och friluftsplaner än i webbdelen. Informationen i friluftsplanerna var något mer begränsad än i översiktsplanerna och i webbdelen på kommunernas hemsidor var informationen mycket begränsad. Det vore att rekommendera att kommunerna tillhandahåller tydlig information om friluftslivets hälsoeffekter i webbdelen så att den kommer invånarna till del.

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  • 45.
    Asplund, Ragnar
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sleep and hypnotic use in relation to perceived somatic and mental health among the elderly2000In: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print), ISSN 0167-4943, E-ISSN 1872-6976, Vol. 31, no 3, p. 199-205Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of somatic health, mental health and age on sleep and the use of sleep medication in a group of elderly men and women. Questionnaires were distributed to 9417 persons, and the response rare was 69%. The mean ages (s.d.) of the male and female participants were 73.9 (6.3) and 74.5 (6.8) years, respectively. Sleep disturbances were more common in women than in men at all ages and increased with age in both sexes. A stepwise regression analysis showed that in men, more severely sleep disturbances were associated with poorer somatic health (R-2 = 0.089; P < 0.0001), poorer mental health (R-2 = 0.106; P < 0.0001) and increasing age (R-2 = 0.109; P < 0.0001) and in the women worse somatic health (R-2 = 0.087; P < 0.0001), worse mental health (R-2 = 0.104; P < 0.0001) but no further deterioration of sleep with age. Sleep medication was more common in women than in men at all ages and increased with age in both sexes. The use of sleep medication was more strongly related to somatic health than to mental health and age in both sexes. In conclusion, both sleep complaints and sleep medication showed a stronger relation to somatic health than to mental health and age in this group of elderly men and women. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 46.
    Asplund, Ragnar
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sleep, health and visual impairment in the elderly2000In: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print), ISSN 0167-4943, E-ISSN 1872-6976, Vol. 30, no 1, p. 7-15Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study was undertaken in order to analyse the relationship between visual impairment and sleep in an elderly population. All 10 216 members of the pensioners' association in two Swedish counties were asked to participate in a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included questions on civil status, the general state of health, the occurrence of somatic diseases and symptoms, sleep, medication and vision. 6143 evaluable questionnaires were received, of which 39.5% were from men. The mean (s.d.) ages of the male and female participants wc:re 73.0 (6.0) and 72.6 (6.7) years, respectively. Visual impairment was reported by 20.9% of the men and 32.9% of the women. The proportion of visual impairment increased with;Ige and was more common in women in each age group. Poor sleep occurred in 14.4% of the men and 27.9% of the women. Among subjects with visual. impairment, poor sleep, frequent awakenings and difficulties to fall asleep after awakening at night were all more common in both men and women. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, significant independent correlates of poor night's sleep among the men were: visual impairment (odds ratio (OR) 1.3 95%, confidence interval (CI) 1.0-1.8) and poor health (OR 2.2, CI 1.6-3.0). Age, circulatory organ disease and diabetes were deleted by the logistic model. The significant independent correlates in women were: visual impairment (OR 1.6, CI 1.3-2.0) poor health (OR 2.6, CI 2.1-3.3) and circulatory organ diseases (OR 1.5 CI, 1.2-1.8). Age and diabetes were deleted by the logistic model. The results suggest that visual impairment could be an underestimated cause of sleep deterioration in the elderly. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. Al rights reserved.

  • 47. Asplund, Ragnar
    et al.
    Marnetoft, Sven-Uno
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Selander, John
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Åkerström, Bengt
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Nocturia in relation to somatic health, mental health and pain in adult men and women2005In: BJU International, ISSN 1464-4096, E-ISSN 1464-410X, Vol. 95, no 6, p. 816-819Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship of nocturia to somatic health, mental health and bodily pain. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A randomly selected group of men and women aged 20-64 years, living in three small municipalities in northern Sweden, or in the city of Ostersund or in Stockholm, were sent a postal questionnaire containing questions on somatic and mental health, satisfaction with life, pain, nocturnal voiding, work and sick-listing from work. RESULTS: Reports (from 1948 respondents) on poor somatic and mental health and on pain all increased in parallel with increasing frequency of nocturnal voids. In a multiple logistic regression analysis with sex, age, somatic health, mental health and bodily pain as the independent variables, significant independent correlates (odds ratios, confidence intervals) of nocturnal micturition (two or more episodes vs none or one) were: age 45-59 vs 20-44 years, 1.9 (1.3-2.7), > or =60 vs 20-44 years, 3.8 (2.4-6.0); somatic health, poor vs good, 2.3 (1.4-3.7); mental health, poor vs good, 1.9 (1.2-3.0); pain, rather mild vs very mild or none, 1.5 (1.0-2.3); rather severe vs very mild or none, 1.9 (1.1-3.2); and very severe vs very mild or none, 6.0 (2.5-14.0). Gender was deleted by the logistic model. Sick-listing for > or = 60 days during the past year was reported by 4.9%, 10.6%, 5.6% and 38.9% of the men with none, one, two or > or = three nocturnal voids, respectively, and by 10%, 12.4%, 23% and 46.7% (both P < 0.001) of the corresponding women, respectively. Life satisfaction decreased in parallel with increased nocturia. CONCLUSION: The impairment of both somatic and mental health was associated with increased nocturnal voiding. Pain was associated with a substantial increase in nocturia after adjusting for age and somatic and mental health. Sick-leave was more common in association with more nocturnal voids.

  • 48. Asplund, Ragnar
    et al.
    Marnetoft, Sven-Uno
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Selander, John
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Åkerström, Bengt
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Place of residence as a correlate of sickness absence in Sweden2007In: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, ISSN 0342-5282, E-ISSN 1473-5660, Vol. 30, no 2, p. 147-151Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A postal questionnaire was sent to 1500 randomly selected men and women aged 20-64 years living in three sparsely populated municipalities in northern Sweden with high rates of sickness absence, and to 1000 corresponding inhabitants in the Swedish capital Stockholm with a low rate of sickness absence. The proportion of participants aged >or=45 years was higher and incomes were lower in municipalities with high rates of sickness absence. In multiple logistic regression analyses with age, education, income, somatic health, mental health, pain and place of residence as independent variables, significant correlates of sick listing in men were: age >or=45 years (odds ratio 5.0; 95% confidence interval 2.4-10.3), poor somatic health (5.4; 2.6-11.0) and severe musculoskeletal pain (4.7; 2.4-9.1); and in women: age >or=45 years (2.6; 1.5-4.8), poor somatic health (12.2; 6.1-24.4), poor mental health (4.5; 2.0-10.1) and severe musculoskeletal pain (5.4; 2.7-10.5). Mental health was deleted by the logistic model for men, and income, education and place of residence for both sexes. We conclude that no support was found for the assumption that factors attributable to place of residence could explain the regional differences in sickness absence.

  • 49. Asplund, Ragnar
    et al.
    Marnetoft, Sven-Uno
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Selander, John
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Åkerström, Bengt
    Sleep in relation to sickness absence, unemployment and place of residence2005In: Sleep and hypnosis, ISSN 1302-1192, Vol. 7, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study, a questionnaire survey, was undertaken to assess the influence of sickness absence and unemployment on sleep in a randomly selected group of men and women in five Swedish municipalities with very different demographic conditions, living conditions and health profiles. The survey comprised 1,948 randomly selected persons (47.7% men) of ages 20–64 years. Poor sleep was reported by 17.0% of the men and 18.5% of the women (NS). Poor sleep was 5.5 (3.5–8.6) times more common in sick listed men and 6.8 (4.7–9.9) times more common is such women than in men and women, respectively, who were not sick-listed. The proportion reporting poor sleep increased in parallel with increasing numbers of days on sickness benefit during the last year. In a multiple logistic regression analysis significant independent correlates of poor sleep in men were: being on sickness benefit (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.1–3.8), poor somatic health (3.6; 2.0–6.3) and poor mental health (7.0; 4.0–12.3). The corresponding correlates in women were: being on sickness benefit (2.5; 1.4–4.3), poor somatic health (3.2; 1.8–5.8) and poor mental health (5.5; 3.3–9.2). Age, marital status, employment status and the place of residence were deleted by the logistic model for both sexes. It is concluded that poor sleep increased in men and women on sickness benefit but not those who were unemployed after adjustment for age, health, marital status and place of residence.

  • 50. Asplund, Ragnar
    et al.
    Marnetoft, Sven-Uno
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Selander, John
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Åkerström, Bengt
    Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sleep in relation to somatic health, mental health and pain2004In: Sleep and Hypnosis, ISSN 1302-1192, Vol. 6, no 4, p. 148-154Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The present study, a questionnaire survey, was undertaken to assess the influence of somatic health, mental health, pain and age on sleep in a group of men and women. The survey comprised 1948 randomly selected persons (47.7% men) of ages 20-64 years. Poor somatic health was reported by 12.5% of the men and 15.3% of the women and poor mental health by 8.7% of the men and 10.6% of the women. Among the men very good sleep was reported by 34.7% and rather good, rather poor and very poor sleep by 52.8%, 10.9%, and 1.6%, respectively. The corresponding frequencies in women were 32.7%, 51.9%, 12.9% and 2.5%, respectively (NS). No or very light pain was reported by 50.7% of the men and rather light, rather severe or very severe pain by 35.7%, 12.0%, and 1.6%, respectively. The corresponding frequencies in women were 48.1%, 35.4%, 14.1% and 2.4%, respectively (NS). A forward stepwise regression analysis showed that in men, more severe sleep disturbances were associated with poorer mental health (R2=0.227), pain (R2=0.292) and poorer somatic health (R2=0.304). Correspondingly, more severe sleep disturbances were associated with poorer somatic health (R2 = 0.218), poorer mental health (R2=0.280) and pain (R2=0.326) in women. Age, education, being gainfully employed and income were deleted by the regression model in both sexes. It is concluded that poor mental health exerts the most detrimental influence on sleep in men, somatic health in women, and that age does not independently affect sleep at all.

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