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Air-gap flux density measurement system for verification of permanent magnet motor FEM model
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Electronics Design.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Electronics Design.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Electronics Design.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9572-3639
2015 (English)In: IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015, p. 445-450, article id 7392140Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Resource type
Text
Abstract [en]

To verify the FEM simulation of the air-gap flux density, it is necessary to measure the flux density distribution as function of the angular machine position. This paper presents a scalable 3-D direct air-gap flux density magnitude measurement system for rotating electrical machines. A combination of eight linear Hall effect flux sensors and a rotary encoder is used to measure the flux density magnitude as function of the angular machine position. The system is designed for permanent magnet motors with an air gap of at least 1 mm, but can also be used for other types of machines. The miniaturized sensor array with the flux sensors is 0.7 mm thick, and measures the distribution of the air-gap flux density magnitude in a range of ±2 T along the rotor axis. The design of the measurement system is described and tested on a prototype of an electronically commutated permanent magnet DC motor. The obtained measurement results are compared with the FEM simulation results of the prototype motor. A good match between the simulated and measured flux density magnitude is shown. The conclusions presented in this study, are used to further optimize the simulation model and the prototype motor.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015. p. 445-450, article id 7392140
Keywords [en]
air-gap flux density measurement, FEM, LHEFS, linear Hall effect sensor, Permanent magnet machines, PM machines
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-28495DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2015.7392140ISI: 000382950700089Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84973160983ISBN: 9781479917624 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-28495DiVA, id: diva2:949666
Conference
41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2015; Pacifico YokohamaYokohama; Japan; 9 November 2015 through 12 November 2015; Category numberCFP15IEC-ART; Code 119153
Note

Conference Paper

Available from: 2016-07-22 Created: 2016-07-21 Last updated: 2021-02-18Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. MOSFET enabled low-voltage high-current DC traction drive: a pioneering concept for battery electric vehicles
Open this publication in new window or tab >>MOSFET enabled low-voltage high-current DC traction drive: a pioneering concept for battery electric vehicles
2019 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2019. p. 48
Series
Mid Sweden University licentiate thesis, ISSN 1652-8948 ; 153
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36840 (URN)978-91-88527-90-5 (ISBN)
Presentation
2019-06-17, O102, Sundsvall, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Projects
SMART (Smarta system och tjänster för ett effektivt och innovativt samhälle)
Available from: 2019-08-13 Created: 2019-08-13 Last updated: 2020-11-12Bibliographically approved
2.
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3. Towards Low-Voltage, High-Current: A pioneering drive concept for battery electric vehicles
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Towards Low-Voltage, High-Current: A pioneering drive concept for battery electric vehicles
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The first electric low-voltage vehicles were constructed in the mid-19th century, but by the early 20th century they were progressively replacedby successors with internal combustion engines. As the consequences ofusing fossil fuels are better understood, our society is now transitioning back. The strong driving force towards electric transportation can be traced to several events and trends. The foremost of these is perhaps the rising awareness of climate change and the necessary reduction of the environmental footprint, as well associated political will for change. Alongside this, the pioneering automotive company Tesla, Inc. showed what electric cars are capable of and how to easily charge them along the road. The diesel gate unearthed in 2015, also played a major role. This transition is not without challenges, however. An electric car is expected to be reasonable priced, sustainable, environmentally friendly and electrically safe, even in case of an accident. Overnight charging at home should be possible, as well as the ability to quickly charge while in transit. While the industry has long experience with high-voltage electrical machines, the required battery technology is quite new and low-voltage in nature. Currently, the battery is the most costly part of an electric drivetrain and it has the highest environmental impact. Efficient battery use is therefore key for sustainability and a responsible consumption of the resources available. Nonetheless, most electric vehicles today use lethal high-voltage traction drives which require a considerable isolation effort and complex battery pack. Previous research results showed that a 48 V drivetrain compared to a high-voltage one, increases the drive-cycle efficiency. Hence, similar driving range can be reached with a smaller battery. This thesis provides an introduction to low-voltage, high-current, battery-powered traction drives. With the aim of increasing efficiency, safety and redundancy while reducing cost, a solution that breaks with century-old electric machine design principles is proposed and investigated. An overview and motivation to further investigate 48 V drivetrains with intrinsically safe and redundant machines is provided. The main focus of this work is the practical implementation of multi-phase low-voltage but high-current machines with integrated power electronics as well as components for a 48 V drivetrain. With this work, it is confirmed that today’s MOSFETs are not the limiting factor towards low-voltage, high-current drives. In the first part of this work, two small-scale prototype machines were constructed and tested. The air-cooled, small-scale 1.2 kW proto-type reached a copper fill-factor of 0.84. The machine’s low terminal-to-terminal resistance of 0.23 mΩ, including the MOSFET-based power electronics, allowed continuous driving currents up to 600 A. The resistive MOSFET losses stayed below 21 W. The second part focuses on the key components for a 48 V high-power drivetrain. A W-shaped coil for a multiphase 48 V machine with direct in-conductor cooling was designed and tested. With glycolwater, it reached a current density of 49.5 A/mm2 with 0.312 l/min flowrate. Furthermore, a reconfigurable battery pack for 48 V driving andhigh-voltage charging was investigated.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2021. p. 72
Series
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 337
Keywords
low voltage, high current, EV, BEV, electrical machine, power electronics, MOSFET
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-40849 (URN)978-91-88947-85-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-01-11, N109 online via Zoom, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall, 08:30 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 5 inskickat, delarbete 8 manuskript.

At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 5 submitted, paper 8 in manuscript.

Available from: 2021-02-18 Created: 2021-02-17 Last updated: 2022-01-26Bibliographically approved

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Haller, StefanCheng, PengOelmann, Bengt

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