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Hypertrophy of chronically unloaded muscle subjected to resistance exercise
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Health Sciences.
2004 (English)In: Journal of Applied Physiology, ISSN 8750-7587, Vol. 96, no 4, p. 1451-1458Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In an effort to simulate the compromised function and atrophy of lower limb muscles experienced by astronauts after spaceflight, 21 men and women age 30-56 yr were subjected to unilateral lower limb unloading for 5 wk. Whereas 10 of these subjects performed unilateral knee extensor resistance exercise (ULRE) two or three times weekly, 11 subjects (UL) refrained from training. The exercise regimen consisted of four sets of seven maximal actions, using an apparatus that offers concentric and eccentric resistance by utilizing the inertia of rotating flywheel(s). Knee extensor muscle strength was measured before and after UL and ULRE, and knee extensor and ankle plantar flexor muscle volumes were determined by means of magnetic resonance imaging. Surface electromyographic activity measured after UL inferred increased muscle use to perform a given motor task. UL induced an 8.8% decrease (P < 0.05) in knee extensor muscle volume. After ULRE and as a result of only ~16 min of maximal contractile activity over the 5-wk course, muscle volume increased 7.7% (P < 0.05). Muscle strength decreased 24-32% (P < 0.05) in response to UL. Group ULRE showed maintained (P > 0.05) strength. Ankle plantar flexor muscle volume of the unloaded limb decreased (P < 0.05) in both groups (UL 10.5%; ULRE 11.1%). In neither group did the right weight-bearing limb show any change (P > 0.05) in muscle volume or strength. The results of this study provide evidence that resistance exercise not only may offset muscle atrophy but is in fact capable of promoting marked hypertrophy of chronically unloaded muscle.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2004. Vol. 96, no 4, p. 1451-1458
Keywords [en]
flywheel resistance exercise, muscle size, muscle strength, spaceflight
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-4511DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01051.2003Local ID: 5865OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-4511DiVA, id: diva2:29543
Available from: 2008-09-30 Created: 2008-09-30 Last updated: 2025-02-11Bibliographically approved

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Tesch, Per A

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CiteExportLink to record
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  • apa
  • ieee
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