Mid Sweden University

This study explores the challenge of building and sustaining a strong sense of community among higher education students engaged in distance learning. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift toward remote education, making distance learning a vital alternative to traditional classroom instruction. However, this popularity surge has brought forth new obstacles, especially in creating a cohesive student community without physical interaction. Against this backdrop, the study examines the development and endurance of communities in distance learning, emphasising their crucial role in individual and collective academic success. The investigation revolves around communities of practice, groups united by shared interests, learning, and pursuit enhancement. The study utilises a systematic review methodology, employing a “best evidence synthesis” approach to comprehensively assess existing literature. Thematic content analysis is used for data analysis, allowing for an in-depth exploration of materials without a specific theoretical framework. The review includes nine studies, offering diverse perspectives on distance learning practices and experiences across different cultures and educational settings. Three interconnected themes emerge: 1) the importance of instructor presence and engagement; 2) the role of collaborative interactions among students; and 3) the impact of the learning environment on students’ sense of community. These themes underscore the significance of cultivating a strong sense of community through the lens of communities of practice, enriching distance learning education. In a broader context, this thesis amplifies the call for further exploration into strategies for fostering community cohesion in virtual learning platforms. With online learners showing increased engagement and persistence rates, this research highlights the importance of collaborative learning and mutual involvement in creating a sense of belonging and shared purpose. As the educational landscape evolves, these insights provide a framework to advance distance learning practices, creating a more connected and inclusive learning environment.