Univ Verona, Dept Comp Sci, LAPS Lab Photovolta & Solid State Phys, Ca Vignal 1,Str Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy..
Univ New South Wales, Australian Ctr Adv Photovolta ACAP, Sch Photovolta & Renewable Energy Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia..
Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Future Convergence Technol Res Inst, Dept Energy Engn, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, South Korea..
Univ Surrey, Adv Technol Inst, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England.;Chonnam Natl Univ, Optoelect Convergence Res Ctr, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.;Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gwangju 61186, South Korea..
Univ Calgary, Dept Chem, Calgary, AB T2N 4K9, Canada..
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA..
Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Montreal, PQ H2V 0B3, Canada..
Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Montreal, PQ H2V 0B3, Canada..
Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Bedson Bldg, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England..
Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Bedson Bldg, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England..
Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Bedson Bldg, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England..
Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Elect Engn, CHOSE Ctr Hybrid & Organ Solar Energy, Via Politecn 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Elect Engn, CHOSE Ctr Hybrid & Organ Solar Energy, Via Politecn 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
Shenzhen Univ, Inst Microscale Optoelect, Int Collaborat Lab Mat Optoelect Sci & Tech 2D, Minist Educ, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China.;Univ Cambridge, Elect Engn Div, Engn Dept, 9 J J Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0FA, England..
Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Engn & Mat Sci, London E1 4NS, England..
Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Engn & Mat Sci, London E1 4NS, England..
Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales..
NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA..
Luxembourg Inst Sci & Technol LIST, Mat Res & Technol Dept, 41 Rue Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg..
Luxembourg Inst Sci & Technol LIST, Mat Res & Technol Dept, 41 Rue Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg..
Luxembourg Inst Sci & Technol LIST, Mat Res & Technol Dept, 41 Rue Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg..
Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, England..
Univ Oulu, Fac Informat Technol & Elect Engn, Microelect Res Unit, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland..
Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 03722, South Korea..
Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 03722, South Korea..
Elect Beam & Plasma Technol FEP, Fraunhofer Inst Organ Elect, D-01277 Dresden, Germany.;Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Solid State Elect, D-01062 Dresden, Germany..
Elect Beam & Plasma Technol FEP, Fraunhofer Inst Organ Elect, D-01277 Dresden, Germany..
Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Innovat Lab Sci & Technol Energy Mat Fujian Prov, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China..
Purdue Univ, Sch Ind Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA..
Univ Minho, Phys Ctr Minho & Porto Univ CF UM UP, P-4710053 Braga, Portugal.;Univ Minho, LaPMET Lab Phys Mat & Emergent Technol, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal..
UPV EHU Sci Pk, Basque Ctr Mat Applicat & Nanostruct, BCMat, Leioa 48940, Spain.;Basque Fdn Sci, OIKERBASQUE, Bilbao 48009, Spain..
Univ Minho, Phys Ctr Minho & Porto Univ CF UM UP, P-4710053 Braga, Portugal.;Univ Minho, LaPMET Lab Phys Mat & Emergent Technol, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal.;UPV EHU Sci Pk, Basque Ctr Mat Applicat & Nanostruct, BCMat, Leioa 48940, Spain.;Basque Fdn Sci, OIKERBASQUE, Bilbao 48009, Spain..
Univ Bath, Dept Mech Engn, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England..
Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Nanoenergy & Nanosyst, CAS Ctr Excellence Nanosci, Beijing Key Lab Micronano Energy & Sensor, Beijing 101400, Peoples R China..
Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Nanoenergy & Nanosyst, CAS Ctr Excellence Nanosci, Beijing Key Lab Micronano Energy & Sensor, Beijing 101400, Peoples R China..
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Bioengn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Elect & Informat Convergence Engn, 1732 Deogyeong Daero, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea..
Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Elect & Informat Convergence Engn, 1732 Deogyeong Daero, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea..
Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Technol, Res Ctr Biomass Clean Utilizat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China..
Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Technol, Res Ctr Biomass Clean Utilizat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China..
Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Technol, Res Ctr Biomass Clean Utilizat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China..
Zhejiang Univ, Coll Informat Sci & Elect Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China..
Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore..
Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore..
Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA..
Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA..
Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia..
TU Wien, Inst Solid State Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria..
TU Wien, Inst Solid State Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria..
TU Wien, Inst Solid State Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria..
TU Wien, Inst Solid State Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria..
Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA..
Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA..
Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA..
Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA..
Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.;US DOE Ames Natl Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA..
Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA..
Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Organ Inorgan Composites, North Third Ring Rd 15, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China..
Tsinghua Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab New Ceram & Fine Proc, Shuangqing Rd 30, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China..
CSIC, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, C Til lers S-N Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain..
Catalonia Inst Energy Res IREC, Jardins Dones Negre 1, Barcelona 08930, Spain..
CSIC, Inst Micro & Nanotecnol IMN CNM, C Isaac Newton 8,PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Spain..
Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Ingn Informaz, Via G Caruso, I-56122 Pisa, Italy..
Natl Inst Mat Sci NIMS, CNRS St Gobain NIMS, IRL 3629, LINK, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan..
WPI Int Ctr Mat Nanoarchitecton WPI MANA, Natl Inst Mat Sci NIMS, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan.;Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Pure & Appl Sci, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058671, Japan..
Heriot Watt Univ, Inst Chem Sci, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.;Heriot Watt Univ, Ctr Adv Energy Storage & Recovery, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland..
Univ Lorraine, Inst Jean Lamour, 2 allee Andre Guinier Campus ARTEM,BP 50840, F-54011 Nancy, France..
Univ Rennes 1, Inst Sci Chim Rennes, UMR 6226, INSA Rennes,CNRS, 11 allee Beaulieu,CS 50837, F-35708 Rennes, France..
Univ Rennes 1, Inst Sci Chim Rennes, UMR 6226, INSA Rennes,CNRS, 11 allee Beaulieu,CS 50837, F-35708 Rennes, France..
Univ Lorraine, Inst Jean Lamour, 2 allee Andre Guinier Campus ARTEM,BP 50840, F-54011 Nancy, France..
Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England..
Physikalisch Tech Bundesanstalt PTB, Abbestr 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany..
Nanjing Normal Univ, NNU SULI Thermal Energy Res Ctr NSTER, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China.;Nanjing Normal Univ, Ctr Quantum Transport & Thermal Energy Sci CQTES, Sch Phys & Technol, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China..
ASTAR, Inst High Performance Comp, Singapore 138632, Singapore..
Kyoto Inst Technol, Fac Mat Sci & Engn, Kyoto 6068585, Japan..
UCL, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England..
Imperial Coll London, Dept Aeronaut, Exhibition Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England..
Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Engn & Mat Sci, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England..
Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Engn & Mat Sci, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England..
Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA..
King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol KAUST, KAUST Solar Ctr KSC, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia..
Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Nano Sci & Technol PoliMi, Via Pascoli 70-3, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Nano Sci & Technol PoliMi, Via Pascoli 70-3, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Nano Sci & Technol PoliMi, Via Pascoli 70-3, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
Univ Southampton, Elect & Comp Sci, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England..
Peking Univ, Key Lab Phys & Chem Nanodevices, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.;Peking Univ, Ctr Carbonbased Elect, Sch Elect, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China..
Peking Univ, Key Lab Phys & Chem Nanodevices, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.;Peking Univ, Ctr Carbonbased Elect, Sch Elect, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China..
AMO GmbH, Otto Blumenthal Str 25, D-52074 Aachen, Germany..
Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Chair High Frequency Elect, Kopernikusstr 16, D-52074 Aachen, Germany..
Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Chair High Frequency Elect, Kopernikusstr 16, D-52074 Aachen, Germany..
AMO GmbH, Otto Blumenthal Str 25, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.;Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Chair Elect Devices, Otto Blumenthal Str 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany..
Univ Glasgow, James Watt Sch Engn, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland..
Univ Warwick, Warwick Mfg Grp WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England..
Univ Nottingham, Dept Mech, Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia.;Univ Nottingham, Dept Mat & Mfg Engn, Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia..
Univ Warwick, Warwick Mfg Grp WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England..
IOP Publishing , 2023. Vol. 6, no 4, article id 042501
energy harvesting materials, photovoltaics, thermoelectric energy harvesting, piezoelectric energy harvesting, triboelectric energy harvesting, radiofrequency energy harvesting, sustainability