This study seeks to enhance current understandings of the risk communication challenges associated with theinformation-related means employed in cyber space to exert inappropriate influence, which frequently focus onparalyzing people and undermining stability. These means can be part of a hybrid warfare strategy located in thegray zone between the poles of peace and war, which indicates the long-term and subtle character of such a strategy.Maneuvers to conceal invasive interventions that mask activities, confuse responses, and disguise actual intentionsconstitute particular challenges. This paper presents the results of a literature review that applied a snowballsampling approach and concentrated on uncovering the threat landscape and recognition of the gray zone. The resultshighlight the emergence of information and cyber conflicts, including state operations and discreditation, along withspecific techniques, such as trolling and bots, in the Swedish context and beyond. The findings illustrate somechallenges for risk communication in information and cyber warfare and their implications for research and practice.