Mid Sweden University

This study investigates young bank customer (YBC) perceptions of the relationships between cognitive, affective, and conative antecedents, on one hand, and attitudinal and behavioural loyalty to mobile bank applications (MBAs), on the other. The study develops a theoretical framework for customer loyalty to MBAs based on Dick and Basus (1994) conceptual framework of customer loyalty. Based on previous studies and focus group interviews, a questionnaire was developed and sent to 500 YBCs aged 1829 years who have at least one years experience of MBAs. The data were statistically analysed, and the results indicate that YBC loyalty to MBAs combines attitudinal and behavioural loyalty. The results also indicate that cognitive antecedents are directly and significantly related to customer satisfaction, which in turn is significantly related to loyalty. The study contributes by using and developing Dick and Basus (1994) framework in the MBA context, and by suggesting how banks can improve and customize their MBA services, in a way that enables YBCs to utilize their resources in ways that promote economic growth.

The purpose is to investigate the experience of young bank customers (YBCs) with mobile bank applications (MBAs) by employing the concepts of usability, responsiveness, customer satisfaction, reliability, and loyalty. An electronic questionnaire was sent to 500 YBCs in Sweden, 146 of whom completed it. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the measurement model, and structural equation modelling to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that usability is a keystone of good MBA experience for YBCs. Usability is significantly and directly related to responsiveness, customer satisfaction, and reliability, and it might indirectly affect loyalty through responsiveness and customer satisfaction. 

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse the effect of a set of determinants on initial trust and behavioural intention to use financial robo-advisors (FRAs). Design/methodology/approach: The theory of perceived risk and the behavioural finance paradigm were used to develop a conceptual model of retail investors’ initial trust in FRAs. Data collected from 554 young retail investors (YRIs) from Sweden and Malaysia were analysed using structural equation modelling. Findings: The results of this study indicate that the amount of public information, social media information-seeking and a rational decision style are significantly related to initial trust in FRAs, which in turn is significantly and positively related to the behavioural intention to use this technology. However, none of the risks under study significantly affect the initial trust in FRAs. Practical implications: Information is vital to inducing YRIs to rely on FRAs, so the more public and social media information is available, the higher their intention to use this technology. However, YRIs vary in decision style, and the results suggest implementing a more sophisticated system than the current “one-size-fits-all” approach to YRI behaviour. Originality/value: The empirical-based model enhances the knowledge of the initial phase of trust-building, when YRIs lack sufficient experience of FRAs. By collecting data from two countries, the study’s novel conclusions may help in developing effective FRA services for the youth segment. 

Financial robo-advisors (FRAs) are a cutting-edge financial technology offering automated services that relies on artificial intelligence. However, few studies have investigated how young retail investors (YRIs) build trust in FRAs. Another neglected area is whether FRAs’ universal (“one-size-fit-all”) model will succeed or should take account of cultural dimensions. Based on the initial trust perspective and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, this study develops a conceptual model of YRIs’ initial trust in FRAs, testing it in two countries from different parts of the world, i.e., Malaysia and Sweden. The results indicate that trust propensity, performance expectancy, and hedonic motivation address initial trust in FRAs, which in turn drives behavioural intention to use this technology. Although most results are similar in the two countries, there are indications of cultural differences regarding what influences YRIs’ initial trust in FRAs