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Childhood vitamin A capsule supplementation coverage in Nigeria: A multilevel analysis of geographic and socioeconomic inequities
2010 (English)In: Scientific World Journal, E-ISSN 1537-744X, Vol. 10, p. 1901-1914Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a huge public health burden among preschool-aged children in sub-Saharan Africa, and is associated with a high level of susceptibility to infectious diseases and pediatric blindness. We examined the Nigerian national vitamin A capsule (VAC) supplementation program, a short-term cost-effective intervention for prevention of VAD-associated morbidity for equity in terms of socioeconomic and geographic coverage. Using the most current, nationally representative data from the 2008 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey, we applied multilevel regression analysis on 19,555 children nested within 888 communities across the six regions of Nigeria. The results indicate that there was variability in uptake of VAC supplement among the children, which could be attributed to several characteristics at individual, household, and community levels. Individual-level characteristics, such as maternal occupation, were shown to be associated with receipt of VAC supplement. The results also reveal that household wealth status is the only household-level characteristic that is significantly associated with receipt of VAC, while neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and geographic location were the community-level characteristics that determined receipt of VAC. The findings from this study have shown that both individual and contextual socioeconomic status, together with geographic location, is important for uptake of VAC. These findings underscore the need to accord the VAC supplementation program the much needed priority with focus on characteristics of neighborhoods (communities), in addition to individual-level characteristics. ©2010 with author. Published by TheScientificWorld.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2010. Vol. 10, p. 1901-1914
Keywords [en]
retinol; retinol; vitamin, blindness; child; child health care; community; diet supplementation; disease predisposition; drug capsule; female; health program; health survey; household; human; infection; major clinical study; male; Nigeria; outcomes research; preschool child; regression analysis; retinol deficiency; review; socioeconomics; variance; vitamin deficiency; vitamin intake; article; clinical trial; factual database; geography; health service; infant; microcapsule; multicenter study; multilevel analysis; retinol deficiency; statistical model; statistics, Capsules; Child; Child, Preschool; Databases, Factual; Dietary Supplements; Female; Geography; Health Services Needs and Demand; Health Surveys; Humans; Infant; Logistic Models; Male; Multilevel Analysis; Nigeria; Socioeconomic Factors; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamins
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-39852DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2010.188Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-78349274386OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-39852DiVA, id: diva2:1467039
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cited By 10

Available from: 2020-09-14 Created: 2020-09-14 Last updated: 2023-02-17Bibliographically approved

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Dalal, Koustuv

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