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A compact, single-frequency, high-power, SBS-free, Yb-doped single-stage fiber amplifier
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Electronics Design.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4681-0514
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Electronics Design.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Electronics Design.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3790-0729
2019 (English)In: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering / [ed] W. Andrew Clarkson and Ramesh K. Shori, SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2019, Vol. 10896, p. 6pp-, article id 1089618Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Interest in compact, single-frequency fiber amplifier has increased within many scientific and industrial applications. The main challenge is the onset of nonlinear effects, which limit their power scaling. Here we demonstrate a compact, high-power, single-frequency, polarization-maintaining, continous-wave fiber amplifier using only one amplification stage. We developed the fiber amplifier using a master oscillator fiber amplifier architecture, where a low-noise, single-frequency, solid-state laser operating at 1064 nm was used as a seed source. We evaluated the amplifier's performance by using several state-of-the-art, small-core, Ytterbium (yb)-doped fibers, as well as an in-house-made, highly Yb-doped fiber. An output power of 82 W was achieved with no sign of stimulated Brillouin scattering. A good beam quality and a polarization extinction ratio (PER) of > 25 dB were achieved. The compact fiber amplifier can be a competitive alternative to multi stage designed fiber amplifiers.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2019. Vol. 10896, p. 6pp-, article id 1089618
Keywords [en]
Single-frequency laser, Ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier, stimulated Brillouin scattering, high-power fiber amplifier, compact fiber amplifier
National Category
Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36042DOI: 10.1117/12.2511049ISI: 000483062600028Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85068317380ISBN: 9781510624344 (print)ISBN: 9781510624351 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-36042DiVA, id: diva2:1307025
Conference
Solid State Lasers XXVIII: Technology and Devices 2019, San Francisco, California, United States, 5-7 February, 2019
Available from: 2019-04-25 Created: 2019-04-25 Last updated: 2022-11-07Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Power Scaling of Highly Compact Single-Frequency Yb-Doped Fiber Amplifiers
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Power Scaling of Highly Compact Single-Frequency Yb-Doped Fiber Amplifiers
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Both scientific interests and industrial applications have stimulated the advance of single-frequency laser technology. The high spatial and temporal coherence of this technology has facilitated many applications such as gravitational wave detection, high-precision fiber sensors, high-resolution spectroscopy, holography, and nonlinear optical conversion. However, this is currently achieved through large footprint lasers with limited portability and mobility. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the size of these lasers into a compact format. Power performance of hundreds of watts in the near-infrared spectrum and tens of watts in the visible and UV spectra for continuous (CW) operation mode and pulse energies up to several tens of mJ in pulsed operation mode are needed. 

An amplification structure for single-frequency lasers that meets these requirements is the master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA). However, compactness imposes several constraints on the MOPA design. The main challenge is the limited output power of the single-frequency fiber MOPA due to the onset of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in the amplifier fiber. SBS arises from the interaction of acoustic phonons with the propagating signal wave and is converted into a frequency-shifted, backward-propagating wave. SBS is manifested through high-intensity pulses propagating in the backward direction, which can be very harmful for optical components and the seed laser itself. Hence, the suppression of SBS is crucial to the power optimization of the MOPA. This thesis therefore focuses on investigating different SBS suppression techniques that fit a compact MOPA design. More specifically, this is implemented by studying the efficiency of the strain distribution technique applied to the amplifier fiber and the use of custom and commercial highly Yb- doped fibers both in CW and pulse operating MOPAs. Using highly Yb-doped fibers presents challenges with respect to the composition of the fiber material and in high- power operation that can have undesirable degradational effects, such as photodarkening and thermal load generation, and these have been investigated and discussed in this thesis. 

As a result of the different mitigation approaches, output power approaching 100 W in CW mode operation and pulse energies near mJ in pulse mode operation are demonstrated in only one amplification stage, showing the feasibility of a MOPA design with high performance and a small footprint. This may facilitate many applications in the visible and UV spectral ranges that require mobility and portability. 

Abstract [sv]

Både vetenskapliga intressen och industriella tillämpningar har stimulerat utvecklingen inom singelfrekvens laserteknologi. Den höga rumsliga- och tidsmässiga koherensen hos dessa  lasrar har underlättat många tillämpningar såsom gravitationsvågdetektering, fibersensorer med hög precision, högupplöst spektroskopi, holografi och ickelinjär optisk konvertering. Detta uppnås för närvarande genom användande av relativt stora lasrar med en begränsad portabilitet och rörlighet. Det finns därför ett behov av att göra dessa lasrar mer kompakta. Samtidigt efterfrågas en förbättrad effektprestanda på hundratals Watt i det nära infraröda spektrala området och tiotals Watt i det synliga- och ultravioletta området för kontinuerligt (CW) driftläge samt pulsenergier upp till flera tiotals mJ i pulsat driftläge.

En typ av förstärkare för singelfrekvenslasrar som uppfyller dessa kravär så kallade master oscillator effektförstärkare (MOPA). En kompakt design sätter dock flera begränsningar på dessa förstärkare. Huvudutmaningen är uppkomsten av stimulerad Brillouin spridning (SBS)  i förstärkarfibern som begränsar uteffekten. SBS uppstår genom en växelverkan mellan akustiska fononer och signalvågen som omvandlas till en utbredningsvåg som är frekvensförskjuten och bakåt-propagerande. Dessa bakåt-propagerande vågor kan skada optiska komponenter i förstärkaren och i själva signal lasern. Därför är en minskning av SBS avgörnade för en effektiv effektoptimering av förstärkaren. Denna avhandling fokuserar på att undersöka olika tekniker för att minska SBS som dessutom passar för en kompakt MOPA-design. Mer specifikt implementeras detta genom att studera effektiviteten av en distribuerad töjning som tillämpas på förstärkarfibern samt användningen av särskilt anpassade- och kommersiella Yb-dopade fibrer både för kontinuerliga och pulsstyrda förstärkare. Att använda Yb-dopade fibrer med hög Yb-koncentration innebär stora utmaningar med avseende på fibermaterialets sammansättning, som kan medföra en negativ inverkan på förstärkarens prestanda i form av inducerade optiska förluster (s.k. photodarkening), försämrad strålkvalite' och generering av termiska förluster. Dessa har undersökts och diskuteras i denna avhandling.

Som ett resultat av de olika  begränsningsmetoderna, demonstreras förstärkare med en uteffekt som närmar sig 100 W i CW driftläge och pulsenergier nära mJ-området i pulsat läge med användade av endast ett förstärkarssteg. Detta visar genomförbar-heten av en MOPA-design med hög prestanda och ett kompakt format. Detta kan underlätta användningen för många tillämpningar inom det synliga och ultravioletta spektrala området som ståller krav på en ökad mobilitet och portabilitet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall, Sweden: Mid Sweden University, 2022. p. 62
Series
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 363
Keywords
single-frequency, fiber amplifier, Yb-doped fibers, stimulated Brillouin scattering, compact lasers, thermal load, SHG, MOPA
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-44060 (URN)978-91-89341-45-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-02-15, C312, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall, 09:30 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2022-01-17 Created: 2022-01-17 Last updated: 2022-01-17Bibliographically approved

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Balliu, EnkeledaEngholm, MagnusNilsson, Hans-Erik

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