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Evaluating the social impacts of events: in search of unified indicators for effective policymaking
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Business, Economics and Law. (ETOUR)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9322-1299
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Business, Economics and Law. (ETOUR)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3549-750X
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Business, Economics and Law. (ETOUR)
2018 (English)In: Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, ISSN 1940-7963, E-ISSN 1940-7971, Vol. 12, no 2, p. 122-141Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Policymakers in destinations regularly struggle to identify effective ways to evaluate the impacts of planned events. Especially problematic is the relative lack of knowledge about the social impacts that planned events incur. This challenge is largely attributable to the historic focus on economic impacts. However, this trend is shifting along with the realization that events often fail to deliver on promised economic trickle-down effects. This paper addresses the absence of a unified view on social impacts, and how this impedes destinations that aspire to work strategically with planned events. Policymakers at the destination level currently lack the common language needed to effectively measure these impacts. We use a Delphi approach to pinpoint social impact indicators that are of use in policy settings. The results show six indicators that meet the study criteria, thereby contributing towards a unified set of indicators for dealing with strategic event management at the destination level.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2018. Vol. 12, no 2, p. 122-141
Keywords [en]
Delphi, destination management, event portfolio, Events, social impacts
National Category
Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-34608DOI: 10.1080/19407963.2018.1515214ISI: 000550552400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85053278225OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-34608DiVA, id: diva2:1253085
Available from: 2018-10-03 Created: 2018-10-03 Last updated: 2025-04-04Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. “Panem et Circenses”: Realizing Social Value in the Strategic Management of Events
Open this publication in new window or tab >>“Panem et Circenses”: Realizing Social Value in the Strategic Management of Events
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Social value has been historically overlooked in the practice of strategic event management. By this thesis I hope to stimulate debate and improve the standing of social value in this domain. To do so, multiple aspects of value are addressed. I incorporate perspectives from different stakeholder groups such as researchers, policymakers, organizers and community residents. I also explore value through the three stages of conceptualization, operationalization and instrumentalization, to build a full picture of how value is perceived, measured, and used in the events sector. The synthesis of these different aspects then informs a discussion about social value in the strategic management of events in tourism- and public policy. 

I built the thesis on the case of Jämtland, a peripheral region in the northern parts of Sweden that is known for its diverse and relatively forward-thinking event portfolio. I incorporate elements of both qualitative and quantitative methods to address the research problems presented in my papers, effectively making the thesis as a whole a mixed-methods study. Social constructionist theory underlies the synthesis of the four papers, assuming that multiple realities exist and that perceptions of value are co-created between individuals, within stakeholder groups and between the groups themselves. 

The thesis highlights the omission of social value from strategic event management and therefore also from the use of events in community development, ultimately suggesting ways in which this omission could be addressed. The specific events that feature in this case study are major sports events, but it is hoped that findings can inform the wider theory and practice of strategic event management based on disparate types and sizes of events.

Abstract [sv]

Evenemang har länge använts som verktyg för att uppnå politiska och turismstrategiska mål. Denna återkommande och växande ambition att använda evenemang för att uppnå externa mål bygger på vissa antaganden om deras värde. Exempelvis har evenemang, framför allt storskaliga sportevenemang, kommit att ses som en lågt hängande frukt för de samhällen som vill generera mer turism och stimulera ekonomisk tillväxt. Dock betraktas evenemang inte enbart som tillväxtmotorer utan också som positiva inslag i samhället när det gäller sociala värden.  

Dessa antaganden om ekonomiska och sociala värden som evenemang anses ge baseras dock ofta på begränsad evidens. Trots detta har antaganden om positiva evenemangseffekter blivit en ”sanning” efter årtionden av upprepad optimistisk retorik. Sociala värden i synnerhet saknar tydliga avgränsningar och definitioner, vilket betyder att de praktiker (ägare, arrangörer och politiker) som förespråkar evenemang baserat på deras sociala potential, ofta gör detta relativt oreflekterat och mer eller mindre i blindo.  

Denna avhandling avser att bidra till att åtgärda den ovanstående problematiken, genom att belysa hur koncepten värde och socialt värde uppfattas bland praktiker i evenemangssektorn. Avhandlingen granskar hur uppfattningar kring värde för närvarande överförs till strategiska åtgärder för att maximera nyttan av evenemang, samt hur socialt värde skulle kunna göras mer tillgängligt för de som vill använda evenemang som en drivkraft i samhällsutveckling. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2022. p. 94
Series
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 372
National Category
Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-46265 (URN)978-91-89341-73-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-11-25, F234, Kunskapens Väg 8, Östersund, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2022-10-28 Created: 2022-10-13 Last updated: 2022-10-17Bibliographically approved

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Wallstam, MartinIoannides, DimitriPettersson, Robert

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