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The effect of increased pulp yield using additives in the softwood kraft cook on the physical properties of low-grammage handsheets
SCA R&D Ctr, Sundsvall.
KTH Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm.
SCA R&D Ctr, Sundsvall.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Chemical Engineering. Res Inst Sweden, RISE Bioecon Cellulose Sci & Technol, Stockholm.
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2017 (English)In: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, ISSN 0283-2631, E-ISSN 2000-0669, Vol. 32, no 3, p. 317-323Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The effect of increasing the pulp yield by the addition of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) or polysulfide (PS) in softwood kraft cooking, i.e. enhancing the retention of glucomannan, on the physical properties of low-grammage handsheets was studied. In addition to the yield improvement, an increase in tensile index was observed, especially at lower degrees of beating. These higher yield pulps showed an increase in pore volume, indicating an increased degree of swelling of the fibres. Presumably, the increased flexibility of the fibres affects the bonding strength and leads to the higher tensile index observed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2017. Vol. 32, no 3, p. 317-323
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-31895DOI: 10.3183/NPPRJ-2017-32-03-p317-323ISI: 000411768200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85053279995OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-31895DiVA, id: diva2:1150330
Available from: 2017-10-18 Created: 2017-10-18 Last updated: 2021-05-24Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Modifying kraft pulping to produce a softwood pulp requiring less energy in tissue paper production
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Modifying kraft pulping to produce a softwood pulp requiring less energy in tissue paper production
2018 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Modification of softwood kraft pulp by the addition of either polysulfide (PS) or sodium borohydride (NaBH4) has been shown to increase the pulp yield due to a higher retention of glucomannan.  The pulps with higher yield gave a paper with higher tensile index than reference pulp, especially at lower degrees of refining. The higher yield pulps also showed a greater porosity of the fibre wall, indicating an increase in the swelling potential of the fibres. This can lead to increased fibre flexibility and increased joint strength between the fibres and to the higher handsheet tensile index. However, the swelling increase associated with the higher hemicellulose content could also make dewatering more challenging because of the higher water retention of the pulp. The results of this study show however that the positive influence of the increase in yield (fewer fibres and a more open sheet structure) dominates over the negative influence of the higher hemicellulose content on the dewatering properties, especially at lower refining energy levels. Studies simulating full-scale tissue machine dewatering conditions showed that pulps with a higher yield and a higher hemicellulose content had a higher tensile index at the same dryness. Moreover, the same dryness level was achieved in a shorter dwell-time. A given tensile index was also achieved with less refining energy.

Increasing the yield and hemicellulose content by the addition of either an oxidizing or a reducing agent in the softwood kraft pulping process thus has a potential for giving high quality fibres for tissue paper production with less refining energy and lower drying energy costs.

 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2018. p. 40
Series
Mid Sweden University licentiate thesis, ISSN 1652-8948 ; 137
Keywords
Modifying kraft pulp, tissue dewatering, polysulfide, sodium borohydride, tensile index, hemicellulose
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-32833 (URN)978-91-88527-42-4 (ISBN)
Presentation
2018-03-22, M102, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Knowledge Foundation
Note

Vid tidpunkten för framläggningen av avhandlingen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 2 inskickat.

At the time of the defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 2 submitted.

Available from: 2018-02-12 Created: 2018-02-12 Last updated: 2018-02-12Bibliographically approved
2. Aspects of optimizing pulp fibre properties for tissue and packaging materials
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Aspects of optimizing pulp fibre properties for tissue and packaging materials
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

To improve the competitive advantages of pulp fibre-based materials for tissue and packaging over fossil-based products, it is essential to increase knowledge of the selectivity of the cooking and the chemimechanical processes by optimizing the unit operations of impregnation, cooking and refining. A general goal in pulping processes is to achieve as efficient and even fibre separation as possible. A key to achieving this is to improve impregnation uniformity. In the case of chemical pulping, we need to study how a more even distribution of lignin at the fibre level via easily impregnated wood chips can be achieved using classic measures such as equalized hydroxide ion concentration, increased initial sulphide ion concentration, low sodium ion concentration and a low cooking temperature combined with an oxidative and reductive environment. In the case of chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) manufacturing, we need to achieve as even a degree of sulphonation as possible at the level of the individual fibres by means of improved sulphite ion distribution within the wood chips before they are pre-heated prior to entering the refiner. 

Firstly, we have studied selective cooking systems for sulphate pulp manufacturing in oxidative (polysulfide) and reductive (sodium borohydride) environments. The yield increased from 48% to a maximum of 53%, which resulted in faster dewatering when mimicking a tissue papermaking process. This could explain how the advantage of the increased yield (fewer fibres and a more open sheet structure) outweighs the negative effects of the higher hemicellulose content on the dewatering properties. Moreover, the increased proportion of hemicellulose in the fibre walls resulted in improved bonding and increased tensile index at a certain refining energy. 

Secondly, we have studied the uniformity of impregnation at the fibre level by developing an accurate way of measuring sulphur and sodium content in measuring points that are 5-10 µm in diameter with miniaturized X-ray-based technology. This technology is considered cheap and efficient enough to be introduced in industrial labs and/or in online equipment. Our newly built miniaturized energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) demonstrates the capability of imaging sulphur and possibly sodium distribution in wood chip fibres or individual fibres on a micro scale. 

In parallel, to the above research we have studied a new catalytic lignin-selective cooking method where a substantial portion of the dissolved lignin can be extracted as vanillin, creating significant value and opportunities for new cost-efficient wood biorefinery systems. 

Abstract [sv]

För att förbättra konkurrensfördelarna med massafiberbaserade material såsom mjukpapper och förpackningsmaterial, jämfört med fossilbaserade produkter, är det viktigt att förbättra kunskapen om massatillverknings-processers selektivitet genom att optimera enhetsprocesserna; impregnering, kokning och raffinering. Det övergripande målet för alla massatillverknings-processer är att erhålla så effektiv och jämn fiberseparation som möjligt. För att erhålla jämnare distribution av impregnering måste vi studera hur frisättning av lignin på fibernivå via lättimpregnerade träflis kan uppnås med klassiska åtgärder som; utjämnad hydroxidjonkoncentration, ökad initial sulfidjonkoncentration, låg natriumjonkoncentration och låg koktemperatur kombinerat med oxidativ och reduktiv miljö. Vid tillverkning av kemi­mekanisk massa (CTMP) behöver vi erhålla så jämn sulfoneringsgrad som möjligt ner till fibernivå. Här behöver vi förbättra fördelningen av sulfitjonerna i vedflisen innan förvärmningen före raffinören. 

Vi studerade först selektiva kokningssystem för tillverkning av sulfatmassa i oxidativ miljö, polysulfid, respektive i reduktiv miljö, natriumborhydrid. Utbytet ökade från 48% till i bästa fall 53%, vilket resulterade i snabbare avvattning vid betingelser som simulerar tillverkning av hygienprodukter. Vi kunde förklara det ökade utbytet med att den positiva inverkan av färre fibrer vid viss ytvikt och öppnare arkstruktur dominerar över den negativa inverkan av högre halt vattenabsorberande hemicellulosa på avvattnings­egenskaperna. Den högre halten hemicellulosa i fiberväggarna bidrog till förbättrade bindningsegenskaper och ökat dragindex vid en specifik raffineringsenergi. Därefter studerade vi sätt att utvärdera homogenitet i  impregnering på fibernivå genom att ta fram en metodik som kan mäta svavel- och natriuminnehåll i mätpunkter som är 5-10 µm i diameter. Mikroskopi baserad på röntgenfluorescens bedöms vara lämplig för detta ändamål samt tillräckligt billig och effektiv att framöver kunna användas i industrilaboratorier och/eller i online-utrustning. 

Parallellt har också forskning utförts rörande en ny katalytisk lignin-selektiv kokningsmetod där en signifikant andel av ligninet kan lösas ut som värdefullt vanillin. Detta skapar framtida möjligheter att ta fram en kostnadseffektiv bioraffinaderimetodik där högt värde skapas både i form av väl separerade fibrer och i form av värdefulla naturliga kemikalier.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2021. p. 76
Series
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 348
National Category
Chemical Engineering Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42090 (URN)978-91-89341-15-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-06-14, C312 och online via Zoom, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 3 inskickat, delarbete 4 & 5 manuskript.

At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 3 submitted, paper 4 & 5 in manuscript.

Available from: 2021-05-24 Created: 2021-05-24 Last updated: 2023-01-18Bibliographically approved

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Rahman, HafizurEngstrand, Per

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