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Online surface roughness characterization of paper and paperboard using a line of light triangulation technique
Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
Vise andre og tillknytning
2012 (engelsk)Inngår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, ISSN 0283-2631, E-ISSN 2000-0669, Vol. 27, nr 3, s. 662-670Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) [Kunstnerisk arbeiden] Published
Abstract [en]

Within both the paper and paperboard industries, real time monitoring and measurement of surface roughness of a paper moving at high velocities is an important and challenging area of research. The uniform surface, for an entire production, can be effectively achieved by monitoring and controlling the paper surface roughness, in real time during the manufacturing steps. Presently the majority of paper industries rely on traditional laboratory profilometers. The obvious limitations of lab profilometers are that these are slow, do not measure the quality of entire reels but rather deal with only a few small pieces of samples taken from the end of the reels and it is difficult to make any possible correction in the productionlines without knowing the online roughness data. To eradicate the disadvantages associated with conventional measurements, an online prototype instrument has been developed that measures the surface roughness during the manufacturing steps, and is based on a line of lighttriangulation technique. The prototype technique will be of assistance in ensuring tight process control in order to maintain both a better and auniform quality throughout the entire production. It measures the whole reel, meter by meter, in traditional units of roughness and is also capable of characterizing the topography in a wide range of wavelength spectra. The article presents the online analyses results obtained from the developed prototype. The real time measurements, in a paperboard pilot mill, have successfully characterized and distinguished 16 different grades of newspaper and paperboard reels including reels which have the same family of quality grades and materials.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
2012. Vol. 27, nr 3, s. 662-670
Emneord [en]
Laser application; Line of light triangulation; Newspaper; Online surface measurement; OnTop; Optical measurement; Paper; Paper roughness; Paper smoothness; Paperboard
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-15969DOI: 10.3183/NPPRJ-2012-27-03-p662-670ISI: 000311020100018Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84862525400Lokal ID: STCOAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-15969DiVA, id: diva2:506777
Tilgjengelig fra: 2012-02-29 Laget: 2012-02-29 Sist oppdatert: 2017-12-07bibliografisk kontrollert
Inngår i avhandling
1. Online Surface Topography Characterization Technique for Paper and Paperboard using Line of Light Triangulation
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Online Surface Topography Characterization Technique for Paper and Paperboard using Line of Light Triangulation
2012 (engelsk)Licentiatavhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig) [Kunstnerisk arbeiden]
sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2012. s. 64
Serie
Mid Sweden University licentiate thesis, ISSN 1652-8948 ; 75
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-15967 (URN)STC (Lokal ID)978-91-87103-02-5 (ISBN)STC (Arkivnummer)STC (OAI)
Presentation
2012-02-09, O102, Mittuniversitetet, Sundsvall, 10:15 (engelsk)
Opponent
Veileder
Tilgjengelig fra: 2012-02-29 Laget: 2012-02-29 Sist oppdatert: 2016-10-20bibliografisk kontrollert
2. Online optical method for real-time surface measurement using line-of-light triangulation
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Online optical method for real-time surface measurement using line-of-light triangulation
2013 (engelsk)Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
Abstract [en]

Real time paper surface-web measurement is one of the challenging research fields. The traditional laboratory method has many limitations and is unable to measure the entire tambour during the manufacturing process. It has been necessary to develop an online technique that could measure the surface topography in real time. An optical technique was developed, based on laser triangulation, and is applied to develop a new prototype device, which characterizes high speed paper-web surfaces over a wide scale of spatial wavelengths spectrum and computes the surface roughness in real time. The used multi channel pulsed laser diode, source of illumination onto the paper-web, is of benefit due to its low coherence length and is capable to deliver a powerful burst of light beam over a 1 µs duration, which delivers energy of 100 µJ per pulse. The short exposure time avoids blurriness in the acquired images which could possible due to the high speed and vibrations on the paper-web.

The laser beam is shaped into a narrow line-of-light using cylindrical lenses and is projected onto a paper-web surface, which covers a physical length of about 210 mm. The created line-of-light cross section full width at half maximum, FWHM Gaussian distribution, is 2-3 pixels on the image. The line-of-light is projected onto the paper-web perpendicular to the plane of the surface. The low angled, low specular, reduced coherence length, scattered reflected laser line is captured by the 3 CCD sensors, which are synchronized with the laser source. The low specular light ensures to avoid saturation of the imaging sensors if the surface is very smooth, and obliquely captures the z-directional fine feature of the surface.

The scattered phenomenon of the reflected light is responsible for the surface irregularity measurements. The basic image processing algorithm is applied in order to remove noise and cropped the images widthwise so that only pixels above a preset threshold gray level can be processed, which enables efficient real time measurement. The image is transformed into a 1D array using the center of gravity, COG. The accuracy and precision of the COG depends on the line-of-light FWHM, which, in turn, is responsible for the accuracy, noise and the resolution of the developed technique. The image subpixel resolution achieved is 0.01 times a pixel and uuncertainty in the raw data is 0.43 µm while it is 0.05 µm in the rms roughness.

The signal processing steps combining the B-Spline filter and the filter in the spatial frequency domain were employed in order to separate roughness, waviness, and form and position error in the raw profile. The prototype is designed to measure online surface roughness and to characterize surface in a spatial wavelength spectrum from 0.09 to 30 mm, which is extendable to any required spatial range in order to cover a wide scale surface feature such as micro roughness, macro roughness and waviness. It is proven that exploitation of a simple laser triangulation technique could lead to an improvement in the overall quality and efficiency in the paper and paperboard industries and it can also be of potential interest for the other surface characterization problems.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Sweden Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2013. s. 151
Serie
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 171
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-20449 (URN)STC (Lokal ID)978-91-87557-17-0 (ISBN)STC (Arkivnummer)STC (OAI)
Disputas
2013-12-16, L111, Mittuniversitetet, Sundsvall, 13:15 (engelsk)
Veileder
Tilgjengelig fra: 2013-12-06 Laget: 2013-12-04 Sist oppdatert: 2016-10-19bibliografisk kontrollert

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Alam, AnzarManuilskiy, AnatoliyThim, JanO'Nils, Mattias

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