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Experimental test on a novel dual fluidised bed biomass gasifier for synthetic fuel production
Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik. (Bioenergy - gasification)
Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik. (Bioenergy - gasification)
Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik. (Bioenergy - gasification)
2011 (engelsk)Inngår i: Fuel, ISSN 0016-2361, E-ISSN 1873-7153, Vol. 90, nr 4, s. 1340-1349Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

This article presents a preliminary test on the 150 kWth allothermal biomass gasifier at MIUN (Mid Sweden University) in Härnösand, Sweden. The MIUN gasifier is a combination of a fluidised bed gasifier and a CFB riser as a combustor with a design suitable for in-built tar/CH4 catalytic reforming. The test was carried out by two steps: 1) fluid-dynamic study; 2) measurements of gas composition and tar. A novel solid circulation measurement system which works at high bed temperatures is developed in the presented work. The results show the dependency of bed material circulation rate on the superficial gas velocity in the combustor, the bed material inventory and the aeration of solids flow between the bottoms of the gasifier and the combustor. A strong influence of circulation rate on the temperature difference between the combustor and the gasifier was identified. The syngas analysis showed that, as steam/biomass (S/B) ratio increases, CH4 content decreases and H2/CO ratio increases. Furthermore the total tar content decreases with increasing steam/biomass ratio and increasing temperature.  The biomass gasification technology at MIUN is simple, cheap, reliable, and can obtain a syngas of high CO+H2concentration with sufficient high ratio of H2 to CO, which may be suitable for synthesis of Methane, DME, FT-fuels or alcohol fuels. The measurement results of MIUN gasifier have been compared with other gasifiers. The main differences can be observed in the H2 and the CO content, as well as the tar content. These can be explained by differences in the feed systems, operating temperature, S/B ratio or bed material catalytic effect etc..

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
2011. Vol. 90, nr 4, s. 1340-1349
Emneord [en]
allothermal gasification, biofuel, biomass, gasifier, syngas
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-12907DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.12.035ISI: 000287652300004Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-79951921720OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-12907DiVA, id: diva2:382006
Prosjekter
Development of BTL towards small scale automotive fuel plantsTilgjengelig fra: 2010-12-29 Laget: 2010-12-29 Sist oppdatert: 2017-12-11bibliografisk kontrollert
Inngår i avhandling
1. Internal Tar/CH4 Reforming in Biomass Dual Fluidised Bed Gasifiers towards Fuel Synthesis
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Internal Tar/CH4 Reforming in Biomass Dual Fluidised Bed Gasifiers towards Fuel Synthesis
2014 (engelsk)Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
Abstract [en]

Production of high-quality syngas from biomass gasification in a dual fluidised bed gasifier (DFBG) has made a significant progress in R&D and Technology demonstration. An S&M scale bio-automotive fuel plant close to the feedstock resources is preferable as biomass feedstock is widely sparse and has relatively low density, low heating value and high moisture content. This requires simple, reliable and cost-effective production of clean and good syngas. Indirect DFBGs, with steam as the gasification agent, produce a syngas of high content H2 and CO with 12-20 MJ/mn3 heating value. The Mid Sweden University (MIUN) gasifier, built for research on synthetic fuel production, is a dual fluidised bed gasifier. Reforming of tars and CH4 (except for methanation application) in the syngas is a major challenge for commercialization of biomass fluidised-bed gasification technology towards automotive fuel production. A good syngas from DFBGs can be obtained by optimised design and operation of the gasifier, by the use of active catalytic bed material and internal reforming. This thesis presents a series of experimental tests with different operation parameters, reforming of tar and CH4 with catalytic bed material and reforming of tar and CH4 with catalytic internal reformer.

 

The first test was carried out to evaluate the optimal operation and performance of the MIUN gasifier. The test provides basic information for temperature control in the combustor and the gasifier by the bed material circulation rate.

 

 After proven operation and performance of the MIUN gasifier, an experimental study on in-bed material catalytic reforming of tar/CH4 is performed to evaluate the catalytic effects of the olivine and Fe-impregnated olivine (10%wtFe/olivine Catalyst) bed materials, with reference to non-catalytic silica sand operated in the mode of dual fluidised beds (DFB). A comparative experimental test is then carried out with the same operation condition and bed-materials but when the gasifier was operated in the mode of single bubbling fluidised bed (BFB). The behaviour of catalytic and non-catalytic bed materials differs when they are used in the DFB and the BFB. Fe/olivine and olivine in the BFB mode give lower tar and CH4 content together with higher H2+CO concentration, and higher H2/CO ratio, compared to DFB mode. It is hard to show a clear advantage of Fe/olivine over olivine regarding tar/CH4 catalytic reforming. 

 

In order to significantly reduce the tar/CH4 contents, an internal reformer, referred to as the FreeRef reformer, is developed for in-situ catalytic reforming of tar and CH4 using Ni-catalyst in an environment of good gas-solids contact at high temperature.  A study on the internal reformer filled with and without Ni-catalytic pellets was carried out by evaluation of the syngas composition and tar/CH4 content. It can be concluded that the reformer with Ni-catalytic pellets clearly gives a higher H2 content together with lower CH4 and tar contents in the syngas than the reformer without Ni-catalytic pellets. The gravimetric tar content decreases from 25 g/m3 down to 5 g/m3 and the CH4 content from 11% down below 6% in the syngas.

 

The MIUN gasifier has a unique design suitable for in-bed tar/CH4 catalytic reforming and continuously internal regeneration of the reactive bed material. The novel design in the MIUN gasifier increases the gasification efficiency, suppresses the tar generation and upgrades the syngas composition. 

 

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2014. s. 61
Serie
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 187
Emneord
Allothermal gasification, Bio-automotive fuels, Biomass gasification, Catalytic bed-material, Dual fluidised bed, Ni-catalyst, Syngas cleaning, Tar removal, Tar/CH4 reforming
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-22984 (URN)978-91-87557-58-3 (ISBN)
Disputas
2014-05-19, N109, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall, 10:32 (engelsk)
Opponent
Veileder
Prosjekter
Gasification-based Biorefinery for Mechanical Pulp Mills
Tilgjengelig fra: 2014-09-15 Laget: 2014-09-15 Sist oppdatert: 2015-03-13bibliografisk kontrollert

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