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Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Sweden
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0011-7770
2021 (English)In: Frontiers in Public Health, E-ISSN 2296-2565, Vol. 9, article id 562437Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In this cross-sectional study we aimed to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety at an early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to explore factors predictive of these mental health outcomes. A sample of 1,503 participants, recruited from the general Swedish population, completed an online survey distributed through social media. In this sample, 22.2% reported clinically significant levels of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 >= 10) and 10.9% indicated possible major depression using the PHQ-9 algorithm. Moreover, 28.3% reported clinically significant levels of anxiety (GAD-7 >= 8) and 9.7% severe anxiety and possible GAD (GAD-7 >= 15). Multiple linear regression analyses identified some common predictors for both outcomes. Age, having a stable income, and sufficient social stimulation, sleep, and recovery showed negative associations, whereas worry about the economy and overall burden showed positive associations. These results suggest an impact on mental health already at an early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2021. Vol. 9, article id 562437
Keywords [en]
COVID-19, pandemic consequences, mental health, depression, anxiety, risk factors
National Category
Applied Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42377DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.562437ISI: 000661842600001PubMedID: 34150691Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85108178103OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-42377DiVA, id: diva2:1572794
Available from: 2021-06-24 Created: 2021-06-24 Last updated: 2024-09-04

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Rondung, ElisabetLeiler, AnnaMeurling, JenniferBjärtå, Anna

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