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Congestion control and traffic differentiation for heterogeneous 6tisch networks in IIoT
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Information Systems and Technology.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Information Systems and Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3433-2997
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Information Systems and Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0873-7827
2020 (English)In: Sensors, E-ISSN 1424-8220, Vol. 20, no 12, p. 1-25, article id 3508Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The Routing Protocol for Low power and lossy networks (RPL) has been introduced as the de-facto routing protocol for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). In heavy load scenarios, particular parent nodes are likely prone to congestion, which in turn degrades the network performance, in terms of packet delivery and delay. Moreover, there is no explicit strategy in RPL to prioritize the transmission of different traffic types in heterogeneous 6TiSCH networks, each according to its criticality. In this paper, we address the aforementioned issues by introducing a congestion control and service differentiation strategies to support heterogeneous 6TiSCH networks in IIoT applications. First, we introduce a congestion control mechanism to achieve load balancing under heavy traffic scenarios. The congestion is detected through monitoring and sharing the status of the queue backlog among neighbor nodes. We define a new routing metric that considers the queue occupancy when selecting the new parent node in congestion situations. In addition, we design a multi-queue model to provide prioritized data transmission for critical data over the non-critical ones. Each traffic type is placed in a separate queue and scheduled for transmission based on the assigned queue priority, where critical data are always transmitted first. The performance of the proposed work is evaluated through extensive simulations and compared with existing work to demonstrate its effectiveness. The results show that our proposal achieves improved packet delivery and low queue losses under heavy load scenarios, as well as improved delay performance of critical traffic. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020. Vol. 20, no 12, p. 1-25, article id 3508
Keywords [en]
6TiSCH, Congestion, Industrial IoT, Priority, RPL, Traffic differentiation, Trickle timer
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-39467DOI: 10.3390/s20123508ISI: 000553481400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85086766830OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-39467DiVA, id: diva2:1452287
Available from: 2020-07-06 Created: 2020-07-06 Last updated: 2022-02-10
In thesis
1. Enabling Industrial IoT Applications: Supporting Reliable and Real-Time Data Delivery
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Enabling Industrial IoT Applications: Supporting Reliable and Real-Time Data Delivery
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has become a promising technology for the improvement of the productivity, efficiency, and intelligence of the manufacturing process. Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) represent a main pillar of IIoT to support communications within the field network level. For several IIoT applications, IWSNs are defined by strict communication requirements in terms of latency and reliability to support the proper functioning of the industrial system and avoid production loss. However, there are many challenges in efficiently satisfying these requirements. The key challenges investigated in this thesis are related to the shortcomings of the existing IWSN standards to enable timely delivery of aperiodic critical data, support traffic differentiation, and maintain reliable end-to-end communications. The overall objective of this work is to improve the reliability and real-time communication at the field network level in IIoT applications, particularly in process automation scenarios. Specifically, the proposed solutions represent improvements within the data-link and network layers of the IWSN protocol stack. The work in this thesis introduces the following contributions. The first part of the thesis focuses on improving real-time delivery for critical traffic and enabling traffic differentiation for mixed-criticality systems. The contribution in this part comprises three approaches. The first approach introduces a deterministic priority-based channel access mechanism for emergency data in time- and mission-critical applications. The approach is based on a dynamic deadline-aware schedule to provide a delay-bounded performance for the unpredictable emergency traffic along with efficient channel utilization. In the second approach, a priority-based wireless fieldbus protocol is proposed to enable traffic differentiation in mixed-criticality systems, where each traffic flow is given a transmission priority according to its corresponding criticality level. The third approach presents an optimized retransmission scheme to maximize the probability that an emergency packet is successfully delivered within its deadline bound. The results of the proposed schemes prove their effectiveness in providing real-time delivery for critical traffic and efficient service differentiation for mixed-criticality systems. The second part of the thesis introduces a routing framework to improve the connectivity and the end-to-end communication reliability of 6TiSCH networks. The proposed solutions in this part are mainly designed on the basis of the standard Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). The proposed framework comprises the following approaches: 1) a reliable mobility-aware routing scheme to support node connectivity and reliable routing in mobile 6TiSCH networks, 2) a congestion control and detection strategies to enhance packet delivery performance under imbalanced network and heavy load scenarios, 3) a hybrid multi-cast method to maintain downlink connectivity and mitigate routing memory limitations in large-scale 6TiSCH networks. The conducted performance evaluations prove the effectiveness of the proposed approaches to enhance network performance in terms of reliability and delay metrics. The proposed approaches manage to improve routing performance of 6TiSCH networks in terms of connectivity and end-to-end data delivery, which in turn improves the real-time communication in IIoT.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2020. p. 72
Series
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 333
National Category
Communication Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-40027 (URN)978-91-88947-73-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-11-04, C312 via Zoom, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-10-09 Created: 2020-10-07 Last updated: 2021-11-29Bibliographically approved

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Farag, HossamÖsterberg, PatrikGidlund, Mikael

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