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Antifungal efficiency of individual compounds and evaluation of non-linear effects by recombining fractionated turpentine
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Chemical Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9468-0099
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Natural Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3646-294X
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Natural Sciences.
Mid Sweden University, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Department of Natural Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8644-7249
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2020 (English)In: Microchemical journal (Print), ISSN 0026-265X, E-ISSN 1095-9149, Vol. 153, article id 104325Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Sustainable development
Hållbar utveckling
Abstract [en]

A combination between a reductive and a holistic assay was employed to investigate whole fraction, synergistic, antagonistic and individual compound efficacy of vacuumdistilled turpentine fractions against the economically important brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana. The fungus was subjected to recombinations of turpentine fractions at a concentration of 1000 ppm. All combinations exhibited useful antifungal properties, but some antifungal mixtures showed a more pronounced effect than the expected level of inhibition. Synergistic effects by a two-fold factor and minor antagonistic effects were observed. Complete growth inhibition of C. puteana was observed by a fraction obtained after distilling 1 L turpentine at 111–177°C (0.5 mbar) as well as by mixing it with another fraction withdrawn at 70–79°C (0.5 mbar). Chemical compositions of distilled fractions were determined through GC–MS analysis and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares (OPLS) multivariate data analysis of GC–MS chromatograms was employed to zoom in on the most active compounds responsible for antifungal activity. Isomers of epicubenol, the hydrocarbon aromatic compound ar-himachalene and α-cadinol are suggested as effective antifungal compounds. In addition, a subsequent fractionation of the most effective fraction was performed with preparatory gas chromatography and subfractions showed similar or better efficacy than previously observed. Our work demonstrates the possibility to retain adequate synergistic antifungal efficiency and offers an opportunity to explore the effects of individual compounds originating from the same crude sample.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020. Vol. 153, article id 104325
Keywords [en]
Turpentine composition, Bioassa, yConiophora puteana, Growth inhibition, Fractions, Synergism, Antagonism
National Category
Other Chemistry Topics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-38174DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104325ISI: 000514218800008Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85075369850OAI: oai:DiVA.org:miun-38174DiVA, id: diva2:1382248
Available from: 2020-01-02 Created: 2020-01-02 Last updated: 2020-03-26Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Some Approaches to Eco-Friendly Products from Natural Matrices
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Some Approaches to Eco-Friendly Products from Natural Matrices
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Since the onset of the industrial and chemical revolution, humans have caused immense damages to the surrounding flora and fauna. Effective methods for wood protection measures proved to be toxic; fossil fuels contribute to global warming and pesticides can be detected in the air, water, and soil. It is abundantly clear that efforts to find eco-friendly products are needed, while simultaneously providing the necessary incentives for sustainable worldwide development. Using renewable resources play a critical role in this shift towards circular economies.

Wood has long been used as a renewable resource in high demand, but its susceptibility to attack by wood-decaying fungi mean that most European woods need to be protected against these fungi before outdoor use. We showed that fractionating turpentine, a pulp and paper mill by-product, increased antifungal efficacy by concentrating bioactive oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Based on this result, recombinations of the fractions were shown to exhibit synergistic effects that enable a more efficient product utilisation. In addition, this approach enabled putative identifications of previously unknown Picea abies turpentine constituents present at low levels.

For a carbon-neutral society, production of biofuels using oleaginous yeast to convert lignocellulosic biomass into fuel has been hailed as a next-generation source of bioenergy. However, lignocellulose biofuel production by microorganisms is not straightforward and one challenge is the formation of microbe-toxic monomers, such as vanillin, during lignin degradation. The oleaginous yeast Cystobasidium laryngis and other potential oil-producing yeasts were screened for their viability and vanillin biotransformation capabilities. To this end, a mass chromatographic peak extraction tool termed TMATE was developed. Vanillyl alcohol was found to be the main product following vanillin degradation.

The detrimental health and ecological effects of pesticides highlight the urgency for alternative crop protection measures, such as biological insect control and semiochemicals. In this regard, we present an essential step towards understanding the varied chemical ecology of microbe-insect interactions. Our methodology and findings provide cues with high information value that can be used to develop well-informed and potentially sustainable pest management regimes by, for example, the push-pull methodology using live yeasts.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sundsvall: Mid Sweden University, 2020. p. 96
Series
Mid Sweden University doctoral thesis, ISSN 1652-893X ; 312
National Category
Analytical Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-38176 (URN)978-91-88947-13-0 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-01-31, O102, Holmgatan 10, Sundsvall, 10:30 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 1 (inskickat), delarbete 2 (accepterat), delarbete 4 (manuskript).

At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 1 (submitted), paper 2 (accepted), paper 4 (manuscript).

Available from: 2020-01-08 Created: 2020-01-03 Last updated: 2020-01-08Bibliographically approved

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Ljunggren, JoelBylund, DanJonsson, Bengt-GunnarEdman, MattiasHedenström, Erik

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