Technological advances, particularly in the areas of processing and storage have made it possible to gather an unprecedented vast and heterogeneous amount of data. The evolution of the internet, particularly Social media, the internet of things, and mobile technology together with new business trends has precipitated us in the age of Big data and add complexity to the integration task. The objective of this study has been to explore the question of data heterogeneity trough the deployment of a systematic literature review methodology. The study surveys the drivers of this data heterogeneity, the inner workings of it, and it explores the interrelated fields and technologies that deal with the capture, organization and mining of this data and their limitations. Developments such as Hadoop and its suit components together with new computing paradigms such as cloud computing and virtualization help palliate the unprecedented amount of rapidly changing, heterogeneous data which we see today. Despite these dramatic developments, the study shows that there are gaps which need to be filled in order to tackle the challenges of Web 3.0.